The reasons for the budget surplus on the US federal accounts during the 1990s and the reasons for which the surpluses disappeared. Concept Introduction Budget surplus -An excess of the public revenue over public expenditure is defined as a budget surplus. These are the extra funds generated from the efficient management of the public funds and are either saved or spent for repayment of public debt, infrastructural or other developmental activities, military expenses etc. Public debt - It refers to the debt owed by the government towards the public, government agencies, other governments or multilateral organizations. It can be in the form of loans or against the bills, securities or bonds issued to borrow funds.

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At the 8:10 café, there are equal numbers of two types of customers with the following values. The café owner cannot distinguish between the two types of students because many students without early classes arrive early anyway (that is she cannot price discriminate). Students with early classes Students without early classes Coffee 70 60 Banana 50 100 The MC of coffee is 10. The MC of a banana is 40. Is bundling more profitable than selling separately? HINT: if you sell the bundle, can you make more by offering coffee separately? If so, what price should be charged for the bundle? (Show calculations)

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Chapter 11, Problem 12P

To determine

The reasons for the budget surplus on the US federal accounts during the 1990s and the reasons for which the surpluses disappeared.

Concept Introduction Budget surplus-An excess of the public revenue over public expenditure is defined as a budget surplus. These are the extra funds generated from the efficient management of the public funds and are either saved or spent for repayment of public debt, infrastructural or other developmental activities, military expenses etc.

Public debt- It refers to the debt owed by the government towards the public, government agencies, other governments or multilateral organizations. It can be in the form of loans or against the bills, securities or bonds issued to borrow funds.

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At the 8:10 café, there are equal numbers of two types of customers with the following values. The café owner cannot distinguish between the two types of students because many students without early classes arrive early anyway (that is she cannot price discriminate). Students with early classes Students without early classes Coffee 70 60 Banana 50 100 The MC of coffee is 10. The MC of a banana is 40. Is bundling more profitable than selling separately? HINT: if you sell the bundle, can you make more by offering coffee separately? If so, what price should be charged for the bundle? (Show calculations)

Your marketing department has identified the following customer demographics in the following table. Construct a demand curve and determine the profit maximizing price as well as the expected profit if MC=$1. The number of customers in the target population is 10,000. Use the following demand data: Group Value Frequency Baby boomers $5 20% Generation X $4 10% Generation Y $3 10% `Tweeners $2 10% Seniors $2 10% Others $0 40%

Your marketing department has identified the following customer demographics in the following table. Construct a demand curve and determine the profit maximizing price as well as the expected profit if MC=$1. The number of customers in the target population is 10,000. Group Value Frequency Baby boomers $5 20% Generation X $4 10% Generation Y $3 10% `Tweeners $2 10% Seniors $2 10% Others $0 40% ur marketing department has identified the following customer demographics in the following table. Construct a demand curve and determine the profit maximizing price as well as the expected profit if MC=$1. The number of customers in the target population is 10,000.