Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap Course List)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305635180
Author: Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.5P
To determine
Find the temporary surcharge required to eliminate the primary consolidation settlement in 6 months.
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Consolidation.
2 (a) During the construction of a highway bridge, it is expected that the average permanent
load on a clay layer will increase by about 180kPa. The soil profile and some
parameters of the soil is given in diagram below.
(i)
Estimate the value for consolidation settlement if the value of Compression index
equal to 0.36.
(ii) Determine the surcharge needed to eliminate the entire primary consolidation in 6
months.
(i)
Suggest a best method to reduce the time and amount of surcharge to eliminate
the entire primary consolidation
1.2m ( water table)
Yan= 18 kN/m
Y= 21 kN/m
Sand
7.0m
Yer 20 kN/m
Clay
C- 0.36; CV = 0.38 m/month
Sm
Sand Y= 23 kN/m
1.0
1.0
Sand
Sand
0.8
Clay
H = L. Ch
0.6
Sand' Au,= constant
RockAu.- constant
0.4
0.2
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Average degree of consolidation, U(%)
0.2
0.4
0.6
APn 08
P.
9.1 0,5 I 2
5 10
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
U (%)
Plot of Ap/Apw against U for various values of
Ap/p
can you answer?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap Course List)
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- A soil profile consists of a sand layer 2m thick, whose top is the ground surface, and a clay layer 3m thick with an impermeable boundary located at its base. The ground water table is at the ground surface. A widespread load of 150kPa is applied at the ground surface. Assume that the soil is in a normally consolidated state. Calculate the consolidation settlements at 3 months, 6 months and 2 years if the load is increased linearly to 100kPa over 6 months. Ysand(sat)= 21 kN/m³, Yclay(sat) = 17 kN/m³, eo=1.5 C₂=0.5 c=5.5m²/yeararrow_forwardRefer to Figure 2, estimate the primary consolidation settlement in the clay layer. Given: Ag = 85 kN/m²; Hi = 2 m; H2 = 4 m; and H3= 6 m. Soil characteristics are as follows: Sand: ydx 14 kN/m³, Ysat 18 kN/m³ Clay: LL = 54; e = 0.98; Ysat 19 kN/m'; Cs =- Cc 150 kN/m? H3 Sand Clay ョ→arrow_forwardsurcharge of 1000 lb/ft?? Assume C, = 1/6 C. 8.6 A soil profile is shown in Figure 8.23. The preconsolidation pressure is 3400 lb/ft?. Estimate the primary consolidation settlement that will take place as a result of a surcharge Ao = 1500 lb/ft. Assume C, = 1/5 C. %3D %3D Aa Dry sand 90=2 G, = 2.65 10 ft Groundwater table Sand 10 ft- G, = 265 Clay 10 ft W= 30% G,= 2.7 Liquid limit=35 Rock Figure 8.23 aning. All Rights Reserved. May not he copied, scanned or duplicated in whole or in Due to olectrIGK nhu scme third parry COnent may be suppressed inm the eBook andoreChuptersarrow_forward
- 5. Calculate the consolidation settlement of the clay layer in the soil profile shown below due to a surcharge of Ao-25 kPa. What would be your suggestion to reduce this settlement? Assume the unit weight of water to be 10 kN/m³. B m SANDY 20 kN/m² CLAY Y18 kN/m OCR-1.2 C-0.05 Ce-0.45 -0.9 GWarrow_forwardThe following technical data are given below: Overburden pressure = 180KPa Increase in pressure = 140KPa Clay thickness = 8m Compression Index = 0.315 Void ratio = 1.132 What is the total settlement in clay?arrow_forwardWeight of structure W.T. Sand layer H2 Clay layer Н as Compacted sand- gravel layer figure 1arrow_forward
- A surcharge of 250 kPa is applied over a large area above the soil profile shown below. The clay layer is initially normally consolidated and cv = 0.002 cm2/s. The water table is 3.5 m below the ground surface. Calculate the settlement of the clay layer in mm 40 days after the surcharge was applied. Hint: the final settlement at the end of primary consolidation is equal to 515 mm.arrow_forwardConsolidation of Settlemintarrow_forwardEstimate the primary consolidation settlement in the clay layer. Given: Ao= 85 kN/m²; H1 = 2 m; H2 = 4 m; and H3 = 6 m. Soil characteristics are as follows: Sand: e = 0.65; Gs = 2.66 • Clay: LL = 54; e = 0.98; Gs = 2.74 ; Cs = 1/6 Cc.arrow_forward
- Q5: Figure below shows a soil profile. The uniformly distributed load on the ground surface is Ao. Estimate the primary consolidation settlement of the clay layer given these values: HI = 1.5 m, H2 = 2 m, H3 = 2.5 m Sand: e = 0.62, Gs 2.62 Clay: e = 0.98, Gs = 2.75, LL = 50 Ao = 110 kN/m2 Sand Groundwater table Sand Clay Void ratio =e Hy Normally consolidated Sandarrow_forwardthe client sees the one-year duration of thepreload as too long and wants to limit this to 6 months.What should the total surcharge be during this period?arrow_forwardThe data in Table 1 shows the results from a consolidation test conducted on a specimen of clay. Table 1. Results from the consolidation test o'(kPa) e 50 100 200 400 800 400 200 100 200 400 800 1600 1.63 1.6 1.55 1.39 1.22 1.24 1.28 1.33 1.31 1.28 1.21 1.07 Draw the e-log o' graph. • Determine the compression index (Cr). a)Determine the recompression index (Cr).arrow_forward
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