The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl 2 O is to be determined. Concept introduction: The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital. The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Question

A molecule shows peaks at 1379, 1327, 1249, 739 cm-1. Draw a diagram of the energy levels for such a molecule. Draw arrows for the possible transitions that could occur for the molecule. In the diagram imagine exciting an electron, what are its various options for getting back to the ground state? What process would promote radiation less decay? What do you expect for the lifetime of an electron in the T1 state? Why is phosphorescence emission weak in most substances? What could you do to a sample to enhance the likelihood that phosphorescence would occur over radiationless decay?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

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A molecule shows peaks at 1379, 1327, 1249, 739 cm-1. Draw a diagram of the energy levels for such a molecule. Draw arrows for the possible transitions that could occur for the molecule. In the diagram imagine exciting an electron, what are its various options for getting back to the ground state? What process would promote radiation less decay? What do you expect for the lifetime of an electron in the T1 state? Why is phosphorescence emission weak in most substances? What could you do to a sample to enhance the likelihood that phosphorescence would occur over radiationless decay?

Rank the indicated C—C bonds in increasing order of bond length. Explain as why to the difference.

Use IUPAC rules to name the following alkane

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 11.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in Cl2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in BrCl3 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in PF5 are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The types of atomic orbitals of the central atom that are mixed to form hybrid orbitals in SO32− are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals are the regions around the nucleus of the atom where the electron can be found. These allow atoms to form covalent bonds. There are four types of atomic orbitals. These are s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital.

The atomic orbitals mix with each other and form hybrid orbitals. These are used in the formation of covalent bonds. These orbitals are more stable than the atomic orbitals from which they are made up.

Answer 14

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Ch. 11.1 - What is the hybridization of the central atom in...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 11.1BFP Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.2AFP Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.2BFP Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.3AFP Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.3BFP Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.4AFP Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.4BFP Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.1P Ch. 11 - What is the orbital hybridization of a central...

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