To answer:
The questions based on the situations given
Concept Introduction:
Budget line: The budget line shows the various combinations of goods and services that can be purchased with the given level of income and considering the prices of other products
Substitution effect: The substitution effect is an economic theory in which when the price rises or income of the people falls people will substitute the dearer goods with less expensive alternative goods.
Income effect: The income effect is described as the change in the quantity of goods and services due to a change in the income of the people
Properties of Indifference curve: There are four principles of indifference curves and they are (a) the indifference curves are convex to the origin, (b) the indifference curve do not intersect each other, (c) the indifference curves are downward sloping and (d) the indifference curves do not intersect each other.
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