Concept explainers
Exercises 29-36 can be solved using permutations even though the problem statements will not always include a form of the word "permutation," or "arrangement," or "ordering."
ATM PIN Numbers An automated teller machine (ATM) requires a four-digit personal identification number (PIN), using the digits 0-9. (The first digit may be 0.) How many such PINs have no repeated digits?
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