Chapter 10.11B, Problem 10.26P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound.

Interpretation: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The synthesis of the primary or secondary alcohols is done by reaction carbonyl compound like carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde and ester by reducing agents like ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ in the presence of appropriate solvent in the reaction.

${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ reduces aldehyde, carboxylic acids and esters to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol. Sodium borohydride ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ is a selective reducing reagent that reduces aldehyde to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound.

Interpretation: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The synthesis of the primary or secondary alcohols is done by reaction carbonyl compound like carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde and ester by reducing agents like ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ in the presence of appropriate solvent in the reaction.

${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ reduces aldehyde, carboxylic acids and esters to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol. Sodium borohydride ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ is a selective reducing reagent that reduces aldehyde to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound.

Interpretation: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The synthesis of the primary or secondary alcohols is done by reaction carbonyl compound like carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde and ester by reducing agents like ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ in the presence of appropriate solvent in the reaction.

${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ reduces aldehyde, carboxylic acids and esters to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol. Sodium borohydride ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ is a selective reducing reagent that reduces aldehyde to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound.

Interpretation: The synthesis of the given alcohol by reducing appropriate carbonyl compound is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The synthesis of the primary or secondary alcohols is done by reaction carbonyl compound like carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde and ester by reducing agents like ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ in the presence of appropriate solvent in the reaction.

${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ reduces aldehyde, carboxylic acids and esters to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol. Sodium borohydride ${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$ is a selective reducing reagent that reduces aldehyde to primary alcohol, and ketones to secondary alcohol.