17th Edition

ISBN: 2810020283905

Author: OpenStax

Publisher: XANEDU

Concept explainers

The emission of energy to produce ionizing radiation is known as radioactive decay. Alpha, beta particles, and gamma rays are examples of ionizing radiation that could be released. Radioactive decay happens in radionuclides, which are imbalanced atoms. T…

Artificial Radioactivity

The radioactivity can be simply referred to as particle emission from nuclei due to the nuclear instability. There are different types of radiation such as alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Along with these there are different types of decay as well.

Textbook Question

Chapter 10, Problem 90CP

Engineers are frequently called on to inspect and, if necessary, repair equipment in medical hospitals. Suppose that the PET system malfunctions. After inspecting the unit, you suspect that one of the PET photon detectors is misaligned. To test your theory you position one detector at die location ( r , θ , φ ) = ( 1.5 , 45 , 30 ) relative to a radioactive test sample at the center of the patient bed. (a) If the second photon detector is properly aligned where should it be located? (b) What energy reading is expected?

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Chapter 10, Problem 89CP

Chapter 11, Problem 11.1CYU

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Chapter 10 Solutions

UNIVERSITY PHYSICS,VOL.3 (OER)

Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding Nucleus X is two times...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding If the binding energy per...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding A radioactive nuclide has...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding In radioactive beta...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding Which has a larger energy...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding Where does the energy...Ch. 10 - Check Your Understanding Radiation propagates in...Ch. 10 - Define and make clear distinctions between the...Ch. 10 - What are isotopes? Why do isotopes of the same...Ch. 10 - Explain why a bound system should have less mass...

Ch. 10 - Why is the number of neutrons greater than the...Ch. 10 - To obtain the most precise value of the binding...Ch. 10 - How is the initial activity rate of a radioactive...Ch. 10 - For the carbon dating described in this chapter,...Ch. 10 - What is the key difference and the key similarity...Ch. 10 - What is the difference between rays and...Ch. 10 - What characteristics of radioactivity show it to...Ch. 10 - Consider Figure 10.12. If the magnetic field is...Ch. 10 - Why is Earth’s core molten?Ch. 10 - Should an atomic bomb really be called nuclear...Ch. 10 - Why does a chain reaction occur dining a fission...Ch. 10 - In what way is ail atomic nucleus like a liquid...Ch. 10 - Explain the difference between nuclear fission and...Ch. 10 - Why does the fusion of light nuclei into heavier...Ch. 10 - IB. Wliv is a PET scan more accurate than a SPECT...Ch. 10 - Isotopes that emit a radiation are relatively safe...Ch. 10 - Ionizing radiation can impair the ability of a...Ch. 10 - Find the atomic numbers, mass numbers, and neutron...Ch. 10 - Silver has two stable isotopes. The nucleus,...Ch. 10 - The mass (M) and the radius (r) of a nucleus can...Ch. 10 - A particle has a mass equal to 10 u. If this mass...Ch. 10 - Find the length of a side of a cube having a mass...Ch. 10 - The detail that you can observe using a probe is...Ch. 10 - How much energy would be released if six hydrogen...Ch. 10 - Find the mass defect and the binding energy for...Ch. 10 - 56 Fe is among the most tightly bound of all...Ch. 10 - is the heaviest stable nuclide, and its BEN is low...Ch. 10 - (a) Calculate BEN for 235U, the rarer of the two...Ch. 10 - The fact that BEN peaks at roughly A = 60 implies...Ch. 10 - A sample of radioactive material is obtained from...Ch. 10 - Show that: T=1.Ch. 10 - The half-life of strondum-91, 3891Sris 9.70 h....Ch. 10 - A sample of pure carbon-14 ( T1/2=5730y ) has an...Ch. 10 - A radioactive sample initially contains 2.40102...Ch. 10 - An old campfire is uncovered during an...Ch. 10 - Calculate the activity R , in curies of 1.00 g of...Ch. 10 - Natural uranium consists of 235U(percent abundance...Ch. 10 - World War II aircraft bad instruments with glowing...Ch. 10 - , The 210Po source used in a physics laboratory is...Ch. 10 - Armor-piercing shells with depleted uranium cores...Ch. 10 - undergoes alpha decay, (a) Write the reaction...Ch. 10 - (a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay...Ch. 10 - The particles emitted in the decay of 3H (tritium)...Ch. 10 - (a) Write the complete decay equation for 90Sr, a...Ch. 10 - Write a nuclear decay reaction that produces the...Ch. 10 - Write the complete decay equation in the complete...Ch. 10 - If a 1.50-cm-thick piece of lead can absorb 90.0%...Ch. 10 - An electron can interact with a nucleus through...Ch. 10 - (a) Write the complete reaction equation for...Ch. 10 - A rare decay mode has been observed in which...Ch. 10 - A large power reactor that has been in operation...Ch. 10 - (a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron-...Ch. 10 - (a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron-...Ch. 10 - The electrical power output of a large nuclear...Ch. 10 - Find the total energy released if 1.00 kg of...Ch. 10 - Verify that the total number of nucleons, and...Ch. 10 - Calculate the energy output in each of the fusion...Ch. 10 - Show that the total energy released in the proton-...Ch. 10 - Two fusion reactions mentioned in the text are...Ch. 10 - The power output of the Sun is 41026 W. (a) If 90%...Ch. 10 - Another set of reactions that fuses hydrogen into...Ch. 10 - (a) Calculate the energy released by the fusion of...Ch. 10 - What is the dose in mSv for: (a) a 0.1-Gy X-ray?...Ch. 10 - Find the radiation dose in Gy for: (a) A 10-mSv...Ch. 10 - Find the mass of 239Puthat has an activity of...Ch. 10 - In the 19805, the term picowave was used to...Ch. 10 - What is the dose in Sv in a cancer treatment that...Ch. 10 - One half the rays from 99mTcare absorbed by a...Ch. 10 - How many Gy of exposure is needed to give a...Ch. 10 - A plumber at a nuclear power plant receives a...Ch. 10 - Calculate the dose in rem/y for the lungs of a...Ch. 10 - The wiki-phony site states that the atomic mass of...Ch. 10 - A particle physicist discovers a neutral particle...Ch. 10 - A nuclear physicist finds 1.0of 236Uin a piece of...Ch. 10 - A group of scientists use carbon dating to date a...Ch. 10 - According to your lab partner, a 2.00-cm-thick...Ch. 10 - In the science section of the newspaper, an...Ch. 10 - The ceramic glaze on a red-orange “Fiestaware”...Ch. 10 - Large amounts of depleted uranium (238U)are...Ch. 10 - A piece of wood from an ancient Egyptian tomb is...Ch. 10 - This problem demonstrates that the binding energy...Ch. 10 - The Galileo space probe was launched on its long...Ch. 10 - Find the energy emitted in the decay of 60Co .Ch. 10 - Engineers are frequently called on to inspect and,...Ch. 10 - If two nuclei are to fuse in a nuclear reaction,...Ch. 10 - For the reaction, sw n+3He4He+ , find the amount...Ch. 10 - Engineers are frequently called on to inspect and,...

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