Introductory Statistics (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321978271
Author: Robert Gould, Colleen N. Ryan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 68CRE
To determine
Explain why the data of average number of births per day is inappropriate to do a chi-square analysis.
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(c) Because logistic regression predicts probabilities of outcomes, observations used to build a logistic regression model need not be independent.
A. false: all observations must be independent
B. true
C. false: only observations with the same outcome need to be independent
I ANSWERED: A. false: all observations must be independent.
(This was marked wrong but I have no idea why. Isn't this a basic assumption of logistic regression)
Business discuss
Spam filters are built on principles similar to those used in logistic regression. We fit a probability that each message is spam or not spam. We have several variables for each email. Here are a few: to_multiple=1 if there are multiple recipients, winner=1 if the word 'winner' appears in the subject line, format=1 if the email is poorly formatted, re_subj=1 if "re" appears in the subject line. A logistic model was fit to a dataset with the following output:
Estimate
SE
Z
Pr(>|Z|)
(Intercept)
-0.8161
0.086
-9.4895
0
to_multiple
-2.5651
0.3052
-8.4047
0
winner
1.5801
0.3156
5.0067
0
format
-0.1528
0.1136
-1.3451
0.1786
re_subj
-2.8401
0.363
-7.824
0
(a) Write down the model using the coefficients from the model fit.log_odds(spam) = -0.8161 + -2.5651 + to_multiple + 1.5801 winner + -0.1528 format + -2.8401 re_subj(b) Suppose we have an observation where to_multiple=0, winner=1, format=0, and re_subj=0. What is the predicted probability that this message is spam?…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Introductory Statistics (2nd Edition)
Ch. 10 - Tests a. In Chapter 8, you learned some tests of...Ch. 10 - In Chapter 9, you learned some tests of means. Are...Ch. 10 - Crime and Gender A statistics student conducted a...Ch. 10 - Red Cars and Stop Signs The table shows the raw...Ch. 10 - The table summarizes the outcomes of a study that...Ch. 10 - Finger Length There is a theory that relative...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7SECh. 10 - Prob. 8SECh. 10 - Effects of Television Violence on Men (Example 1)...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10SE
Ch. 10 - Mummies with Heart Disease According to the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12SECh. 10 - Violins Stradivarius violins, made in the 1700s by...Ch. 10 - Coin Flips You flip a coin 100 times and get 58...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15SECh. 10 - Prob. 16SECh. 10 - Prob. 17SECh. 10 - Prob. 18SECh. 10 - Are Humans Like Random Number Generators? (Example...Ch. 10 - Is the Random Number Table Really Random? We...Ch. 10 - Coin Spins A penny was spun on a hard, flat...Ch. 10 - Prob. 22SECh. 10 - Is the Six-Sided Die Fair? The table shows the...Ch. 10 - Is the Six-Sided Die Fair? Repeat the chi-square...Ch. 10 - Violins Professional musicians listened to five...Ch. 10 - Mummies with Heart Disease Exercise 10.11 on...Ch. 10 - Party and Right Direction (Example 4) Suppose a...Ch. 10 - Antibiotic or Placebo A large number of surgery...Ch. 10 - Prob. 29SECh. 10 - Prob. 30SECh. 10 - Prob. 31SECh. 10 - Unemployment Rates U.S. Unemployment rates for all...Ch. 10 - Prob. 33SECh. 10 - Weight Loss Overweight or obese adults from...Ch. 10 - Prob. 35SECh. 10 - Prob. 36SECh. 10 - Gender and Happiness of Marriage The table shows...Ch. 10 - Is Smiling Independent of Age? Randomly chosen...Ch. 10 - Preschool Attendance and High School Graduation...Ch. 10 - Preschool Attendance and High School Graduation...Ch. 10 - Preschool Attendance and High School Graduation...Ch. 10 - Prob. 42SECh. 10 - Prob. 43SECh. 10 - Antiretrovirals to Prevent HIV A study conducted...Ch. 10 - Confederates and Compliance A study was done to...Ch. 10 - Endocarditis Kang et al. reported on a randomized...Ch. 10 - Prob. 47SECh. 10 - Prob. 48SECh. 10 - Prob. 49SECh. 10 - Night Shifts A random sample of nurses working...Ch. 10 - Gender and Political Party Affiliation The data in...Ch. 10 - Children and Happiness The data in the table come...Ch. 10 - Prob. 53SECh. 10 - Nice Rats Rats had a choice of freeing another rat...Ch. 10 - Young Criminals and Violence A statistics student...Ch. 10 - Egg Allergy in Children In a randomized,...Ch. 10 - Suppose you have a random sample of students...Ch. 10 - In exercises 10.57 to 10.64, choose an appropriate...Ch. 10 - Suppose you take a survey of random students at a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 60CRECh. 10 - Prob. 61CRECh. 10 - In exercises 10.57 to 10.64, choose an appropriate...Ch. 10 - Prob. 63CRECh. 10 - In exercises 10.57 to 10.64, choose an appropriate...Ch. 10 - Perry Preschool Arrests The Perry Preschool...Ch. 10 - Parental Training and Criminal Behavior of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 67CRECh. 10 - Prob. 68CRECh. 10 - Prob. 69CRECh. 10 - Prob. 70CRECh. 10 - Robot Cockroaches Cockroaches tend to rest in...Ch. 10 - Robot Cockroaches Refer to the description in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 73CRECh. 10 - Conviction Rate with Opposite Race Here are the...
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- Consider an event X comprised of three outcomes whose probabilities are 9/18, 1/18,and 6/18. Compute the probability of the complement of the event. Question content area bottom Part 1 A.1/2 B.2/18 C.16/18 D.16/3arrow_forwardJohn and Mike were offered mints. What is the probability that at least John or Mike would respond favorably? (Hint: Use the classical definition.) Question content area bottom Part 1 A.1/2 B.3/4 C.1/8 D.3/8arrow_forwardThe details of the clock sales at a supermarket for the past 6 weeks are shown in the table below. The time series appears to be relatively stable, without trend, seasonal, or cyclical effects. The simple moving average value of k is set at 2. What is the simple moving average root mean square error? Round to two decimal places. Week Units sold 1 88 2 44 3 54 4 65 5 72 6 85 Question content area bottom Part 1 A. 207.13 B. 20.12 C. 14.39 D. 0.21arrow_forward
- The details of the clock sales at a supermarket for the past 6 weeks are shown in the table below. The time series appears to be relatively stable, without trend, seasonal, or cyclical effects. The simple moving average value of k is set at 2. If the smoothing constant is assumed to be 0.7, and setting F1 and F2=A1, what is the exponential smoothing sales forecast for week 7? Round to the nearest whole number. Week Units sold 1 88 2 44 3 54 4 65 5 72 6 85 Question content area bottom Part 1 A. 80 clocks B. 60 clocks C. 70 clocks D. 50 clocksarrow_forwardThe details of the clock sales at a supermarket for the past 6 weeks are shown in the table below. The time series appears to be relatively stable, without trend, seasonal, or cyclical effects. The simple moving average value of k is set at 2. Calculate the value of the simple moving average mean absolute percentage error. Round to two decimal places. Week Units sold 1 88 2 44 3 54 4 65 5 72 6 85 Part 1 A. 14.39 B. 25.56 C. 23.45 D. 20.90arrow_forwardThe accompanying data shows the fossil fuels production, fossil fuels consumption, and total energy consumption in quadrillions of BTUs of a certain region for the years 1986 to 2015. Complete parts a and b. Year Fossil Fuels Production Fossil Fuels Consumption Total Energy Consumption1949 28.748 29.002 31.9821950 32.563 31.632 34.6161951 35.792 34.008 36.9741952 34.977 33.800 36.7481953 35.349 34.826 37.6641954 33.764 33.877 36.6391955 37.364 37.410 40.2081956 39.771 38.888 41.7541957 40.133 38.926 41.7871958 37.216 38.717 41.6451959 39.045 40.550 43.4661960 39.869 42.137 45.0861961 40.307 42.758 45.7381962 41.732 44.681 47.8261963 44.037 46.509 49.6441964 45.789 48.543 51.8151965 47.235 50.577 54.0151966 50.035 53.514 57.0141967 52.597 55.127 58.9051968 54.306 58.502 62.4151969 56.286…arrow_forward
- The accompanying data shows the fossil fuels production, fossil fuels consumption, and total energy consumption in quadrillions of BTUs of a certain region for the years 1986 to 2015. Complete parts a and b. Year Fossil Fuels Production Fossil Fuels Consumption Total Energy Consumption1949 28.748 29.002 31.9821950 32.563 31.632 34.6161951 35.792 34.008 36.9741952 34.977 33.800 36.7481953 35.349 34.826 37.6641954 33.764 33.877 36.6391955 37.364 37.410 40.2081956 39.771 38.888 41.7541957 40.133 38.926 41.7871958 37.216 38.717 41.6451959 39.045 40.550 43.4661960 39.869 42.137 45.0861961 40.307 42.758 45.7381962 41.732 44.681 47.8261963 44.037 46.509 49.6441964 45.789 48.543 51.8151965 47.235 50.577 54.0151966 50.035 53.514 57.0141967 52.597 55.127 58.9051968 54.306 58.502 62.4151969 56.286…arrow_forwardThe accompanying data shows the fossil fuels production, fossil fuels consumption, and total energy consumption in quadrillions of BTUs of a certain region for the years 1986 to 2015. Complete parts a and b. Develop line charts for each variable and identify the characteristics of the time series (that is, random, stationary, trend, seasonal, or cyclical). What is the line chart for the variable Fossil Fuels Production?arrow_forwardThe accompanying data shows the fossil fuels production, fossil fuels consumption, and total energy consumption in quadrillions of BTUs of a certain region for the years 1986 to 2015. Complete parts a and b. Year Fossil Fuels Production Fossil Fuels Consumption Total Energy Consumption1949 28.748 29.002 31.9821950 32.563 31.632 34.6161951 35.792 34.008 36.9741952 34.977 33.800 36.7481953 35.349 34.826 37.6641954 33.764 33.877 36.6391955 37.364 37.410 40.2081956 39.771 38.888 41.7541957 40.133 38.926 41.7871958 37.216 38.717 41.6451959 39.045 40.550 43.4661960 39.869 42.137 45.0861961 40.307 42.758 45.7381962 41.732 44.681 47.8261963 44.037 46.509 49.6441964 45.789 48.543 51.8151965 47.235 50.577 54.0151966 50.035 53.514 57.0141967 52.597 55.127 58.9051968 54.306 58.502 62.4151969 56.286…arrow_forward
- For each of the time series, construct a line chart of the data and identify the characteristics of the time series (that is, random, stationary, trend, seasonal, or cyclical). Month PercentApr 1972 4.97May 1972 5.00Jun 1972 5.04Jul 1972 5.25Aug 1972 5.27Sep 1972 5.50Oct 1972 5.73Nov 1972 5.75Dec 1972 5.79Jan 1973 6.00Feb 1973 6.02Mar 1973 6.30Apr 1973 6.61May 1973 7.01Jun 1973 7.49Jul 1973 8.30Aug 1973 9.23Sep 1973 9.86Oct 1973 9.94Nov 1973 9.75Dec 1973 9.75Jan 1974 9.73Feb 1974 9.21Mar 1974 8.85Apr 1974 10.02May 1974 11.25Jun 1974 11.54Jul 1974 11.97Aug 1974 12.00Sep 1974 12.00Oct 1974 11.68Nov 1974 10.83Dec 1974 10.50Jan 1975 10.05Feb 1975 8.96Mar 1975 7.93Apr 1975 7.50May 1975 7.40Jun 1975 7.07Jul 1975 7.15Aug 1975 7.66Sep 1975 7.88Oct 1975 7.96Nov 1975 7.53Dec 1975 7.26Jan 1976 7.00Feb 1976 6.75Mar 1976 6.75Apr 1976 6.75May 1976…arrow_forwardHi, I need to make sure I have drafted a thorough analysis, so please answer the following questions. Based on the data in the attached image, develop a regression model to forecast the average sales of football magazines for each of the seven home games in the upcoming season (Year 10). That is, you should construct a single regression model and use it to estimate the average demand for the seven home games in Year 10. In addition to the variables provided, you may create new variables based on these variables or based on observations of your analysis. Be sure to provide a thorough analysis of your final model (residual diagnostics) and provide assessments of its accuracy. What insights are available based on your regression model?arrow_forwardI want to make sure that I included all possible variables and observations. There is a considerable amount of data in the images below, but not all of it may be useful for your purposes. Are there variables contained in the file that you would exclude from a forecast model to determine football magazine sales in Year 10? If so, why? Are there particular observations of football magazine sales from previous years that you would exclude from your forecasting model? If so, why?arrow_forward
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