Chapter 10, Problem 4PEB

(a)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{NO + O}}_2\to {\text{NO}}_2$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NO + O}}_2\to 2{\text{NO}}_2$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of atoms of N on the right hand side and the left hand sides are equal but the number of atoms of O is not equal on the right hand side and the left hand side. So to balance the number of O atoms multiply 2 with ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}$ and $\text{NO}$.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{2NO + O}}_2\to 2{\text{NO}}_2$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NO + O}}_2\to 2{\text{NO}}_2$.

(b)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{KClO}}_3\to {\text{KCl+O}}_2$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2KClO}}_3\to 2{\text{KCl+3O}}_2$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of atoms of K and Cl on the right hand side and the left hand sides are equal but the number of atoms of O is not equal on the right hand side and the left hand side. So to balance the number of O atoms multiply 2 with $\text{KCl}$ and ${\text{KClO}}_3$. The K and Cl atoms are balanced, now to balance O multiply 3 with ${\text{O}}_2$.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{2KClO}}_3\to 2{\text{KCl+3O}}_2$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2KClO}}_3\to 2{\text{KCl+3O}}_2$.

(c)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{CaCl}}_2{\text{+NH}}_3{\text{+H}}_2\text{O}$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NH}}_4\text{Cl+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{CaCl}}_2{\text{+2NH}}_3{\text{+2H}}_2\text{O}$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of atoms of N and Ca on the right hand side and the left hand side are equal but the number of atoms of H, O and Cl are not equal on the right hand side and the left hand side. So to balance the number of H, O and Cl atoms multiply 2 with ${\text{NH}}_3$, ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ and ${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}$.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{2NH}}_4\text{Cl+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{CaCl}}_2{\text{+2NH}}_3{\text{+2H}}_2\text{O}$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NH}}_4\text{Cl+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{CaCl}}_2{\text{+2NH}}_3{\text{+2H}}_2\text{O}$.

(d)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{NaNO}}_3{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\to {\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+HNO}}_3$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NaNO}}_3{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\to {\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+2HNO}}_3$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of Na atom on the left hand side is 1 and on the right hand side is 2 which is not balanced. Similarly, number of Na atom on the left hand side is 1 which is not equal to the number of N atom on the left hand side of the equation. Number of S and O atoms on the left hand side of the equation are same. In order to balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation we need to multiply ${\text{NaNO}}_3$ by 2 and ${\text{HNO}}_3$ by 2.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{2NaNO}}_3{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\to {\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+2HNO}}_3$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{2NaNO}}_3{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\to {\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+2HNO}}_3$.

(e)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{PbS+H}}_2{\text{O}}_2\to {\text{PbSO}}_4{\text{+H}}_2\text{O}$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{PbS+4H}}_2{\text{O}}_2\to {\text{PbSO}}_4{\text{+4H}}_2\text{O}$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of Pb, S and H atoms are balanced on both sides of the equation and are equal but number of O atoms are not equal on the both side of this chemical equation. In order to balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation we need to multiply ${\text{H}}_2{\text{O}}_2$ by 4 and ${\text{HNO}}_3$ by 4.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{PbS+4H}}_2{\text{O}}_2\to {\text{PbSO}}_4{\text{+4H}}_2\text{O}$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{PbS+4H}}_2{\text{O}}_2\to {\text{PbSO}}_4{\text{+4H}}_2\text{O}$.

(f)

To determine

To write: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction ${\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_4\right)}_3{\text{+BaCl}}_2\to {\text{AlCl}}_3{\text{+BaSO}}_4$

Answer to Problem 4PEB

Solution:

The complete and balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_4\right)}_3{\text{+3BaCl}}_2\to 2{\text{AlCl}}_3{\text{+3BaSO}}_4$.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A chemical equation is a way of depicting a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulae.

A balanced chemical equation is the one in which the number of atoms for each element and the total charge are same on both the sides of the equation. This is done to avoid the violation of the conservation of mass principle.

Explanation:

The number of Ba atoms is equal on both sides. The number of Al, S, H, Cl and O atoms are not equal on both the sides of the chemical equation. In order to balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation we need to multiply ${\text{BaCl}}_2$ by 3, ${\text{AlCl}}_3$ by 2 and ${\text{BaSO}}_4$ by 3.

Now the equation becomes.

${\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_4\right)}_3{\text{+3BaCl}}_2\to 2{\text{AlCl}}_3{\text{+3BaSO}}_4$

Conclusion:

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is ${\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_4\right)}_3{\text{+3BaCl}}_2\to 2{\text{AlCl}}_3{\text{+3BaSO}}_4$.