Explanation Introduction: A chemical reaction is defined as a process when one or more chemical substances are transformed into a different set of chemical substances. Explanation: There are four types of chemical reactions and each of them are described below: Combination Reaction: When two or more chemical substances combine or synthesize to form a single compound, the reaction is known as a combination or synthesis reaction. A general form of a combination reaction is A + B → AB . For Example, 2Na + Cl 2 → 2NaCl Here, sodium and chlorine, two chemical substances combine to form a single compound that is sodium chloride. Another example would be the reaction where hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. That is, 2H 2 + O 2 → 2H 2 O . Decomposition Reaction: As the term states, it is a ‘de-composition reaction’, that is the opposite of a combination or a synthesis reaction. Here, a single compound is broken down into different chemical substances which may be simpler compounds, elements or a combination of both. A general form of a decomposition reaction is AB → A + B . For example, 2H 2 O → Electrolysis 2H 2 + O 2 Here, water breaks down into hydrogen and oxygen during electrolysis . Another example would be the decomposition of calcium carbonate ( CaCO 3 ) while heating, forming calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ). That is, CaCO 3 → Heating CaO + CO 2 ↑ Replacement Reaction: When an atom or ion is replaced or substituted by another atom or ion in a chemical compound, the reaction is known as a replacement or substitution reaction. This reaction occurs primarily due to difference in electro negativity that is the ability of an element to hold electrons. The element or ion which is chemically more active replaces the other. The general equation for this reaction is AB + C → AC + B For example, zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid and replaces the hydrogen ion to form zinc chloride because zinc is chemically more active as it has higher ability to loose electrons as compared to hydrogen

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ISBN: 9781265774660

Author: Tillery

Publisher: MCG

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Chapter 10, Problem 3FFA

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Each of the four categories of chemical reactions with illustrative examples.

Solution Summary: The author explains the four types of chemical reactions with illustrative examples. Combination Reaction: Two or more chemical substances combine or synthesize to form a single compound.

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To explain: Each of the four categories of chemical reactions with illustrative examples.

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