Chapter 10, Problem 2PSB

1.

To determine

Journal entry to record the bonds’ issuance.

Explanation of Solution

Issue of bonds at discount on January 1, 2017

Date	Account Title and Explanation	Post. Ref.	Debit ($)	Credit ($)
January 1	Cash		3,010,000
	Discount on bonds payable		390,000
	Bonds payable			3,400,000
	(To record the sold bonds at discount)

Table (1)

• Cash account is the assets account. Since the cash is received, the value of assets is increased. So, debit the credit the cash account.
• Discount on bonds payable account is the liabilities account. Here, at the time of issue of the bonds discount has been given which decrease the liabilities of the company. So, debit the discount on bonds payable account.
• Bonds payable account is the liabilities account. Bonds has been sold, which increases the liabilities of the company. So, credit the bonds payable account.

2.

To determine

Cash payment, straight line amortization and bonds interest expense.

Explanation of Solution

(a)

Given,
Amount of bond is $3,400,000.
Rate of interest is 10%.
Time period is 0.5.

Formula to calculate the cash at the time of issue of bond,

  $\text{Cash}\text{payment}=\text{Bond}\text{value}\times \text{Rate}\text{of}\text{interest}\times \text{Time}\text{period}$

Substitute $3,400,000 for the bond value, 10% for the rate on interest and 0.5 for time period.

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{Cash}\text{payment}=\text{\$3,400,000}\times 10\text{\%}\times \text{0}\text{.5}\\ =\text{\$170,000}\end{array}$

Hence, cash payment is $170,000.

(b)

Given,
Par value of bond is $3,400,000.
Issued price of bond is $3,010,000.
Number of semiannual period is 20.

Formula to calculate the straight line discount amortization,

   $\text{Amortization(straight}\text{line}\text{discount)}=\frac{\text{Discount}\text{on}\text{bond}}{\text{Number}\text{of}\text{semi}\text{annual}\text{period}}$

Substitute $390,000 for the discount on bond and 20 for number of semiannual period.

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{Amortization(straight}\text{line}\text{discount)}=\frac{\$390,000}{20\text{semi}\text{annual}\text{period}}\\ =\frac{\$390,000}{20\text{semi}\text{annual}\text{period}}\\ =\$19,500\end{array}$

Hence, amortization is $19,500.

Working note:

Calculation of discount on bond,

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{Discount}\text{on}\text{bond}=\text{Par}\text{value}\text{of}\text{bond}-\text{Issued}\text{price}\text{of}\text{bond}\\ =\text{\$3,400,000}-\text{\$3,010,000}\\ =\text{\$390,000}\end{array}$

(c)

Given,
Cash payment is $170,000.
Amortization expense is $19,500.

Formula to calculate bonds interest payment expense,

  $\text{Bonds}\text{interest}\text{expense}=\text{Cash}\text{payment}+\text{Amortization}$

Substitute $170,000 for cash payment and $19,500 for amortization.

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{Bonds}\text{interest}\text{expense}=\$170,000+\$19,500\\ =\$189,500\end{array}$

Hence, bonds interest expense is $189,500.

3.

To determine

Total amount of interest payable on bond.

Explanation of Solution

Particulars	Amounts ($)
20 Regular outlays of $170,000	3,400,000
Par value at maturity	3,400,000
Net repaid	6,800,000
Less: Money borrowed	3,010,000
Bond interest expense	3,790,000

Table (2)

Hence, total bond interest expense is $3,790,000.

4.

To determine

First two year of an amortization table.

Explanation of Solution

End of semiannual period	Unamortized Discount ($)	Carrying value ($)
January 1, 2017	390,000	3,010,000
June 30, 2017	370,500	3,029,500
December 31, 2017	351,000	3,049,000
June 30 ,2018	331,500	3,068,500
December 31, 2018	312,000	3,088,000

Table (3)

5.

To determine

Journal entry to record the first two interest payment.

Explanation of Solution

Payment of interest on June 30, 2017

Date	Account Title and Explanation	Post. Ref.	Debit ($)	Credit ($)
June 30	Bonds interest expense		189,500
	Discount on bonds payable			19,500
	Cash			170,000
	(To record the paid semiannual interest and record amortization)

Table (4)

• Bonds interest account is an expense account. Interest has been paid by the company which increases the liabilities of the company. So, debit the bonds interest expense account
• Discount on bonds payable account is the liabilities account. Here, at the time of issue of the bonds discount has been given which increases the liabilities of company. So, credit the discount on bonds payable account.
• Cash is an asset account. Since the Cash is paid, the value of assets is decreased. So, credit the Cash account.

Payment of interest on December 31, 2017

Date	Account Title and Explanation	Post. Ref.	Debit ($)	Credit ($)
Dec 31	Bonds interest expense		189,500
	Discount on bonds payable			19,500
	Cash			170,000
	(To record the paid semiannual interest and record amortization)

Table (5)

• Bonds interest account is an expense account. Interest has been paid by the company which increases the liabilities of the company. So, debit the bonds interest expense account
• Discount on bonds payable account is the liabilities account. Here, at the time of issue of the bonds discount has been given which increases the liabilities of company. So, credit the discount on bonds payable account.
• Cash is an asset account. Since the cash is paid, the value of assets is decreased. So, credit the cash account.