ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135964422
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 1TYU

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

  1. A.    a sperm.
  2. B.     an egg.
  3. C.     a zygote.
  4. D.    a somatic cell of a male.
Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The cell is the basic unit of life. Each cell of human contains 23 pairs of chromosome, in which 22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair is sex chromosome (XX for females and XY for males). The male gamete is called sperm and a female gamete is called an egg or ovum. These gametes are haploid in nature.

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer:

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is the sperm cell (the reproductive cell present in males). Therefore, option (A) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct statement:

There are 2 types of cells found in the human body, one is the somatic cells and the other is the germ cells. The somatic cells make up the entire body, while the germ cells are responsible for reproduction. The sperm cell of a human contains 22 autosomes and either X or Y chromosome.

Option (A) is given as “a sperm”.

“As the sperm contains the sex-determining chromosomes, the total chromosomes present in sperm cell are 22 autosomes and a Y or X chromosome”. Therefore, it is the right answer.

Hence, option (A) is correct.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (B) is given as “an egg”.

The egg is a germ cell (a gamete) present in females, and it contains only one X-chromosome along with 22 autosomes. Therefore, it is the wrong answer.

Option (C) is given as “a zygote”.

A zygote is the result of fertilization between male and female gametes, which contains 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. Therefore, it is the wrong answer.

Option (D) is given as “a somatic cell of a male”.

The somatic cells are diploid in nature. Somatic cells are body cells containing 23 pairs of autosomes. Therefore, it is the wrong answer.

Hence, options (B), (C), and (D) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Sperms are the reproductive cells present in males. The human sperm cell contains 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome.

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