Chapter 10, Problem 1RQ

In the diagram below, label the parts of the respiratory system and the structures that enclose some of its parts

Summary Introduction

To label: The parts of the respiratory system and the structure that surrounds the parts of respiratory system.

Introduction: The process of gas exchange that occurs between an organism and its environment is known as respiration. For cellular respiration, most of the animal cells need a continuous oxygen supply. During respiration, oxygen is inhaled from the environment and transported to individual cells of the body. Carbon dioxide produced during the cellular respiration is exhaled from the body to the environment.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows the parts of the respiratory system and the structure that encloses some of its parts.

Fig.1: Parts of the respiratory system and the structure that encloses some of its parts

Explanation of Solution

Oral cavity: It is the additional airway when breathing through nasal cavity is ceased.

Nasal cavity: The nasal cavity is oblong-shaped and extends from the nostril to the posterior nasal apertures. The posterior nasal apertures lead into the pharynx.

Pharynx: Pharynx is commonly known as the throat. It is a funnel-shaped pathway of about 13 centimeters in length. It is the common passageway for food and air.

Epiglottis: A flap like structure present in the throat which keeps the food from entering the windpipe and the lungs is called epiglottis.

Larynx: Larynx is also known as the voice box. It is a cylindrical structure of about 4 centimeters in length. It is continuous inferiorly with trachea and superiorly with laryngopharynx.

Trachea: The trachea is a slightly rigid, flexible, and tubular organ that referred to as windpipe. It is an open tube that attaches to the larynx and to two main bronchi.

Pleural membrane: It is double layered membrane that fills with fluid. It keeps the lungs airtight and mostly helps them to stick to the chest wall during breathing.

Bronchial tree: The highly branched system of the respiratory pathway is known as bronchial tree. The bronchial tree originates at the main bronchi and gradually branches into the narrower tubes of the respiratory pathway.

Lungs: Lungs are an important part of the respiratory system. It is the lobed elastic organ that processes the exchange of gaseous which consists of the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the blood stream and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the blood stream to the lungs.

Diaphragm: It is the muscular sheet present between the plural cavity and abdominal cavity. It has an important role in breathing process, in inhalation it contracts and flattens and in exhale, it relaxes.

Division of trachea into bronchioles: Bronchioles represent the ending portion of the conducting pathway of the respiratory system. These bronchioles lead into the initial segments of the respiratory zone (respiratory bronchioles)