
Managerial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781118334331
Author: Jerry J. Weygandt, Paul D. Kimmel, Donald E. Kieso
Publisher: WILEY
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Question
Chapter 10, Problem 1Q
(a)
To determine
Budget:
Budget is an effective tool to present the estimated actions for future time period. It includes the financial data for various accounts usually, income or expenses to be incurred in future.
To explain: Budgetary control
(a)
Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1Q
The use of appropriate budgets in order to systematize the operations of organization is called as budgetary control. It measures the performance of various budgets.
Explanation of Solution
- Budget is prepared for the coming period by taking financial data of the current period. Budget is prepared for every department in the organization.
- Budgetary control is a tool to measure the actual performance with set targets and objectives.
- It takes information from the appropriate budgets and controls the performance of budget.
- Budgetary control amalgamates the reports of various budgets to compare the actual performance with the planned one.
Conclusion
Thus, budgetary control is an effective tool to measure the performance of budgets.
(b)
To determine
To explain: Steps included in budgetary control.
(b)
Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution
The steps in budgetary control are:
- Inculcate a target of performance: The first step in budgetary control is to set a target of performance. Setting of definite or fixed plan should be first step. The responsibility of each person should be made clear before executing any budget so that a target of performance is set for every person related to the organization.
- Record the actual performance: Recording of actual performance is necessary to measure the planned action with the actual one. Information from each department should be taken so that proper projection of the actual performance of budget can be done. Identifying the total frequency of individual budget is the second step.
- Compare the performance with the target performance: The objective of budget must be clearly stated and communicated well to all the concerned people in order to compare the actual performance with the target performance.
- Analyzing differences and taking appropriate decision: If there is any difference in the actual performance of budget as compared to planned performance, the difference must be analyzed properly to control the situation.
Conclusion
Thus, comparing the actual performance of budget and analyzing the differences to take necessary actions are the main step of budgetary control.
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Reese, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for her sole proprietorship. In late December, she received a $20,000 bill from her accountant for consulting services related to her small business. Reese can pay the $20,000 bill anytime before January 30 of next year without penalty. Assume Reese’s marginal tax rate is 32 percent this year and will be 37 percent next year, and that she can earn an after-tax rate of return of 12 percent on her investments.
a. What is the after-tax cost if she pays the $20,000 bill in December?
b. What is the after-tax cost if she pays the $20,000 bill in January 30? Use Exhibit 3.1. (Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.)
Exhibit 3.1 below
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
12%
Year 1
.962
.952
.943
.935
.926
.917
.909
.901
.893
Year 2
.925
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.890
.873
.857
.842
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.812
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Year 3
.889
.864
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.794
.772
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.731
.712
Year 4
.855
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.763
.735
.708
.683
.659
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Year 5…
Manny, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for his sole proprietorship. In late December he performed $20,000 of legal services for a client. Manny typically requires his clients to pay his bills immediately upon receipt. Assume Manny’s marginal tax rate is 37 percent this year and next year, and that he can earn an after-tax rate of return of 12 percent on his investments.
a. What is the after-tax income if Manny sends his client the bill in December?
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Exhibit 3.1 below
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
12%
Year 1
.962
.952
.943
.935
.926
.917
.909
.901
.893
Year 2
.925
.907
.890
.873
.857
.842
.826
.812
.797
Year 3
.889
.864
.840
.816
.794
.772
.751
.731
.712
Year 4
.855
.823
.792
.763
.735
.708
.683
.659
.636
Year 5
.822
.784
.747
.713
.681
.650
.621
.593
.567
Year 6
.790
.746…
Rocky Mountain Tours Co. is a travel agency. The nine transactions recorded by Rocky Mountain Tours during June 20Y2, its first month of operations, are
indicated in the following T accounts:
Cash
(1) 40,000 (2) 4,000
(7) 13,100 (3) 5,000
(4) 6,175
(6) 6,000
(9) 1,500
Equipment
(3) 15,000
Dividends
(9) 1,500
Accounts Receivable
Accounts Payable
Service Revenue
(5) 20,500 (7) 13,100
(6) 6,000 (3) 10,000
(5) 20,500
Supplies
(2) 4,000 (8) 2,200
Common Stock
(1) 40,000
Operating Expenses
(4) 6,175
(8) 2,200
a. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance. List all the accounts in the order of Assets, Liabilities, Stockholders' equity, Revenues, and Expenses. Place the
amounts in the proper columns. If an entry is not required in an amount box, leave it blank.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Managerial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making
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