Introduction
Margaret Mead studied different societies in New Guinea and concluded that gender roles are created by culture. George Murdock found that preindustrial cultures tend to assign gender roles based on physical qualities, but that later societies had no such specific patterns.
Explanation of Solution
Answer and explanation
Margaret Mead felt that culture creates gender roles, and that cultures decide what is considered feminine and masculine in different ways. She studied cultures in New Guinea and found many different gender expectations based on different cultures. George Murdock researched more than 200 preindustrial cultures and found that many assign hunting and warfare to men because of physical strength, while designating cooking and child care tasks to women because they bear children. Beyond this pattern, Murdock found a great deal of diversity in gender roles.
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