Principles of Microeconomics, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421315
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 10, Problem 1.1P
To determine
Labor
Expert Solution & Answer
Explanation of Solution
Demand and supply of labor are determined by many factors. The demand could be increased due to an increase in the productivity of labor, which in turn increases the marginal revenue product of labor. This would shift the demand curve. However, when there is higher productivity, it might also lead to saving of labor. Ultimately, the demand for labor declines. There is also an increase in the population, and this would demand more job opportunities. The increase in wages might reduce the demand for labor and hence the employment. It is also possible that the increase in population demands more employment opportunities and higher demand for labor. This is because the demand and supply of labor are not only influenced by the nominal wages. There are many other factors that may change in the economy over a period of 10 years.
Economics Concept Introduction
Demand for labor: Demand for labor is defined as the quantity of labor demanded by the firms at a particular wage during a period of time.
Supply of labor: Supply of labor is defined as the number of laborers who are willing to work at a particular wage during a period of time.
Long run: Long run is defined as the period in which production can be increased by changing all the input factors.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
On the following page, complete the labor demand table for a firm that is hiring labor competitively and selling its product in a purely competitive market. How many workers will the firm hire if the market wagerate is $11.95? $19.95? Explain why the firm will not hire a larger or smaller number of units of labor at each of these wage rates.
Assume that the information technology and consulting industries employ people with similar skills. Suppose a decrease in the demand for consultants
leads to a fall in their wages, while the demand for computer analysts remains the same.
The following graph shows the labor market for computer analysts in the United States.
Show the effect of the fall in demand for consultants on the U.S. labor market for computer analysts by shifting the labor demand curve, the labor
supply curve, or both.
WAGE
LABOR
Supply
Demand
Demand
Supply
?
How would I analyze how the equilibrium wage and number of working hours will change when a company has a great demand for workers (i.e. grocery stores now) yet some current workers don't want to work as many hours? How would I explain the three cases that would depend on the relative size of change in labor demand and labor supply? For example. Case 1. Change in supply(∆LS)| = |Change in Demand(∆LD )| . Case 2: |∆LS| > |∆LD| . Case 3: |∆LS| < |∆LD| I'm trying to understand how the equilibrium wage and number of working hours will change under these different scenarios. Thanks
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Microeconomics, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (12th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Supply: Thinking Like a Seller - End of Chapter Problem Jerome is working as an IT consultant. His individual labor supply curve is given in the accompanying graph. Jerome decides to enroll in college and will begin taking classes next semester. Make the appropriate change to the graph to show the most likely effect on Jerome's labor supply curve of his decision to attend college. If Jerome's decision to attend college results in a change in supply, shift the supply curve appropriately, but leave the wage line unchanged. If Jerome's decision to attend college results in a change in quantity supplied, adjust the wage line appropriately, but leave the supply curve unchanged. Wage Jerome's individual labor supply curve Wage Quantity Supplyarrow_forwardIn Okennewick, 180 people are willing to spend an hour working as pizza makers for an hourly wage of $20. For each additional $5 that the wage increases above $20, an additional 45 people are willing to spend an hour working. For hourly wages of $20, $25, $30, $35, and $40, plot the daily labor supply curve for pizza makers on the following graph. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 50 45 40 35 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 45 + 90 135 180 225 270 315 LABOR (Number of workers) 360 405 450 Supply What is one explanation for why this labor supply curve is upward sloping? The opportunity cost of leisure increases as wages increase. Labor production functions exhibit diminishing marginal returns. Wages have to increase to accommodate union pressure. O Firms are willing to hire more pizza makers at a lower wage.arrow_forwardIn a competitive labor market, the demand for and supply of labor determine the equilibrium wage rate and the equilibrium level of employment. Discuss the relationship between how these markets determine the wage rate and the quantity of labor that should be employed. Share an example, beyond your textbook, that demonstrates this relationshiparrow_forward
- This figure below shows the labor market for automobile workers. The curve labeled S is the labor supply curve, and the curves labeled D1 and D2 are the labor demand curves. On the horizontal axis, L represents the quantity of labor in the market. D2 D1 Refer to Figure . Which of the following is a possible explanation of the shift of the labor-demand curve from D1 to D2? Select one: a.Large segments of the population changed their tastes regarding leisure versus work. b.The wage earned by automobile workers increased. c.The opportunity cost of leisure, perceived by automobile workers, decreased. d.The price of automobiles increased.arrow_forwardIf the Firm operates in a Perfectly Competitive Labor Market where the going market wage is $12, what is the profit-maximizing level of employment?If the Firm operates in a Perfectly Competitive Labor Market where the going market wage is $12, what is the profit-maximizing level of employment?arrow_forwardHigher gas prices have led to an increase in demand for compact cars that get better gas mileage and a decrease in demand for larger cars that get poor gas mileage. Using graphs, show, and verbally explain, how this change in demand in the market for cars affects the labor market for workers (labor supply and labor demand) in the car manufacturing industry. Make sure that you explain exactly why each curve shifts.arrow_forward
- In Houston, 180 people are willing to work an hour as hostesses if the wage is $10 per hour. For each additional $5 that the wage rises above $10, an additional 45 people are willing to work an hour. For wages of $10, $15, $20, $25, and $30 per hour, plot the daily labor supply curve for hostesses on the following graph. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 50 45 40 35 30 20 15 10 5 0 77°F Mostly sunny 0 45 90 315 225 270 135 180 LABOR (Number of workers) 360 405 450 -- Supply C Oarrow_forwardIn Miami, 180 people are willing to work an hour as hostesses if the wage is $20 per hour. For each additional $5 that the wage rises above $20, an additional 45 people are willing to work an hour. For wages of $20, $25, $30, $35, and $40 per hour, plot the daily labor supply curve for hostesses on the following graph. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 50 45 40 30 25 20 15 10 135 180 225 270 315 360 405 450 LABOR (Number of workers) Supply ? What is one explanation for why this labor supply curve is upward sloping over the range of wages from low wage to high wage? Unemployment benefits are steadily declining. People prefer to spend time doing leisure activities rather than working. O Firms are willing to hire more hostesses at a lower wage. The opportunity cost of leisure decreases as wages decrease.arrow_forwardDerive labor demand curve by using market wage levels at 14$, 12$, 10$, 8$, 7$ ?arrow_forward
- 1. The demand for labor Consider Live Happley Fields, a small player in the strawberry business whose production has no individual effect on wages and prices. Live Happley's production schedule for strawberries is given in the following table: Labor Input Total Output (Number of workers) (Pounds of strawberries) 0 WAGE RATE (Dollars per worker) 300 Suppose that the market wage for strawberry pickers is $170 per worker per day, and the price of strawberries is $12 per pound. 270 On the following graph, use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot Live Happley's labor demand curve when the output price is $12 per pound. Note: Remember to plot each point between the two integers. For example, when the number of workers increases from 0 to 1, the marginal revenue product of the first worker should be plotted with a horizontal coordinate of 0.5, the value halfway between 0 and 1. Line segments will automatically connect the points. 240 210 180 150 120 90 60 30 1 0 2 3 4 5 0 0 18 34 48 60 70…arrow_forwardIn Akron, 150 people are willing to spend an hour working as yoga instructors for an hourly wage of $10. For each additional $5 that the wage increases above $10, an additional 50 people are willing to spend an hour working. For hourly wages of $10, $15, $20, $25, and $30, plot the daily labor supply curve for yoga instructors on the following graph. 50 45 40 35 & WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 15 10 5 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 LABOR (Number of workers) 400 450 500 Supply What is one explanation for why this labor supply curve is upward sloping? Wages have to increase to accommodate union pressure. Unemployment benefits are steadily declining. The opportunity cost of leisure decreases as wages decrease. People prefer to spend time doing leisure activities rather than working. ?arrow_forwardIan works at an iron smelter in Pittsburgh, the center of iron production in America. Due to the difficulty in measuring the productivity of individual employees, Ian's employer as well as the other iron smelters all pay an efficiency wage. Adjust the wage line on the graph to reflect this situation. What characteristic of efficiency-wage jobs is not supported by the situation shown in the graph? The wage rate will eventually return to the market-clearing level. Efficiency wages result in an increase in the rate of unemployment. Elevated wages serve as an economic incentive to work harder. Efficiency wage jobs result in a surplus of workers at the wage being offered. Wage ($ per hour) Wage Quantity of workers (in thousands) S Oarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337091992Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Cours...EconomicsISBN:9781337091985Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Microeconomics: Private and Public Choice (MindTa...EconomicsISBN:9781305506893Author:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. MacphersonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781337091992
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Cours...
Economics
ISBN:9781337091985
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Microeconomics: Private and Public Choice (MindTa...
Economics
ISBN:9781305506893
Author:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. Macpherson
Publisher:Cengage Learning