Chapter 10, Problem 10.53SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The reason corresponding to fact that given compound II has almost triple the molecular weight of compound I, but has a lower boiling point.

Interpretation: The reason corresponding to fact that given compound II has almost triple the molecular weight of compound I, but has a lower boiling point is to be explained.

Concept introduction: The boiling point of a liquid is defined as the temperature at which molecule in liquid phase has a vapour pressure equals to atmospheric pressure surrounding the liquid.

Hydrogen bonding is one of the major factors to that affect in the determination of the higher or lower boiling point of the compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The reason corresponding to fact that dipole moment of compound II is much lower than a dipole moment of compound II being the presence of the six electronegative fluorine atoms.

Interpretation: The reason corresponding to fact that dipole moment of compound II is much lower than a dipole moment of compound II being the presence of the six electronegative fluorine atoms is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Dipole moment is defined as measure to check the polarity of the compounds. In polar molecules there is a large dipole moment is present.

Polar molecules like ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The reason corresponding to fact that compound II is stronger acid than compound I.

Interpretation: The reason corresponding to fact that compound II is stronger acid than compound I is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The acidity of the compounds is determined on the basis of $\text{pKa}$ value. The compounds which have less $\text{pKa}$ value are more acidic in nature and compounds which have more $\text{pKa}$ value are least acidic in nature.