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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The representation of gas when the temperature is increased from 300 K to 450 K at constant pressure needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
When the temperature of a gas is increased, the speed of the gaseous molecules increases. Due to an increase in the speed of the molecules, the space between them increases, hence, the volume of gas increases.
The ideal gas equation is represented as follows:
Here, P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is Universal gas constant and T is temperature.
(b)
Interpretation:
The representation of gas when pressure is increased from 1 atm to 2 atm at constant temperature needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
On increasing the pressure, the space between the particles decreases as they come closer to each other. This results in a decrease in the volume.
The ideal gas equation is represented as follows:
Here, P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is Universal gas constant and T is temperature.
(c)
Interpretation:
The temperature is decreased from 300 K to 200 K and pressure is decreased from 3 atm to 2 atm.
Concept introduction:
When the temperature of a gas is decreased, the speed of the gaseous molecules decreases. Due to the decrease in the speed of the molecules, the space between them decreases, hence, the volume of gas decreases.
Similarly, on decreasing the pressure, the space between the particles increases as they become far from each other. This results in an increase in volume.
The ideal gas equation is represented as follows:
Here, P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is Universal gas constant and T is temperature.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY
- Use the literature Ka value of the acetic acid, and the data below to answer these questions. Note: You will not use the experimental titration graphs to answer the questions that follow. Group #1: Buffer pH = 4.35 Group #2: Buffer pH = 4.70 Group #3: Buffer pH = 5.00 Group #4: Buffer pH = 5.30 Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the buffer pH provided and the literature pKa value of acetic acid to perform the following: a) calculate the ratios of [acetate]/[acetic acid] for each of the 4 groups buffer solutions above. b) using the calculated ratios, which group solution will provide the best optimal buffer (Hint: what [acetate]/[acetic acid] ratio value is expected for an optimal buffer?) c) explain your choicearrow_forwardHow would you prepare 1 liter of a 50 mM Phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 beginning with K3PO4 and 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH? Please help and show calculations. Thank youarrow_forwardDraw the four most importantcontributing structures of the cation intermediate thatforms in the electrophilic chlorination of phenol,(C6H5OH) to form p-chlorophenol. Put a circle aroundthe best one. Can you please each step and also how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forward
- A 100mM lactic acid/lactate buffer was found to have a lactate to lactic acid ratio of 2 and a pH of 4.2. What is the pKa of lactic acid? Can you please help show the calculations?arrow_forwardUsing line angle formulas, draw thestructures of and name four alkanes that have total of 7carbons, one of which is tertiary.Please explain this in detail and can you also explain how to approach a similar problem like this as well?arrow_forwardUsing dashed line wedge projections drawthe indicated compounds and indicate whether thecompound you have drawn is R or S.(a) The two enantiomers of 2-chlorobutane. Can you please explain your steps and how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forward
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- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
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