Principles of Microeconomics
Principles of Microeconomics
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305156050
Author: N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 8PA
To determine

Situations that explain efficiency and equity.

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Explain whether each of the following govern￾ment activities is motivated by a concern about equality or a concern about efficiency. In the case of efficiency, discuss the type of market failure involved. a. regulating cable TV prices b. providing some poor people with vouchers that can be used to buy food c. prohibiting smoking in public places d. breaking up Standard Oil (which once owned 90 percent of all oil refineries) into several smaller companies e. imposing higher personal income tax rates on people with higher incomes f. instituting laws against driving while intoxicated
Decide whether each of the following descriptions most closely corresponds to being part of a command system, a market system, or a laissez-faire system. a. A woman who wants to start a flower shop finds she cannot do so unless the central government has already decided to allow a flower shop in her area. b. Shops stock and sell the goods their customers want but the government levies a sales tax on each transaction in order to fund elementary schools, public libraries, and welfare programs for the poor. c. The only taxes levied by the government are to pay for national defense, law enforcement, and a legal system designed to enforce contracts between private citizens.
Which of the following is the type of government where most power belongs to states or provinces and the national government is weak? A. An association B. A confederation C. A league D. An Alliance
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