Chapter 1, Problem 4SEPT

Smallpox is the only disease that has been eradicated from the world. Although we are not yet there for any other disease that affects human beings, some diseases may potentally be eradicated in the future. Which of the following is the least likely to ever be eradicated?   a. Cysticercosis   b. Polio   c. Measles   d. Pneumonia

Foodborne pathogens often require the presence of a large number of microbes before an active infection results. These microbes would have a high A.) median infectious dose (ID50). B.) incubation period. C.) virulence. D.) median lethal dose (LD50). E.) mortality.

Technically speaking, true antibiotics are drugs…   A. Produced naturally by microbes B. Taken orally, not injected. C. Used to treat any microbial infection D. Used to treat any bacterial disease.

According to the natural history of disease model, the time before the precursors of disease and the host interact is called the period of:   A. Prepathogenesis   B. Pathogenesis   C. Primogenesis   D. B and C

When a virus invades a living cell, its (———-)takes over the cells functions. (Fill in the dash) a.) spike b.) outer-coat c.) generic material d.) core e.) cytoplasm

Which of the following is a mis-match? a. Urogenital - often associated with sexually transmitted pathogens b. Respiratory - spread by sneezing C. Parenteral - pathogen is passed from mother to child through the placenta O d. Gastrointestinal - often involves fecal-to-oral transmission e. Conjunctiva - involving eyes

Which of the following statements is correct?   a. Serial interval is the length of time a person can transmit or shed an infectious agent   b. Contamination of the drinking water source of a community by infectious agent(s) will likely result in a continuous common source epidemic   c. It is not possible for people who have not shown symptoms of measles yet, to transmit measles infection   d. Mary Mallon was a chronic carrier of Vibrio cholerae

Identify the statement that does not provide accurate evidence as to why HIV is so lethal.   a. During the course of infection, HIV increases immune activation by altering intestinal physiology to let more microbes into the blood supply.   b. Immune evasion increases in many infections due to HIV virions evolving new and unrecognizable epitopes (antigens).   c. In many individuals the virus population evolves to use different receptors to gain access to a greater diversity of host immune cells.   d. HIV causes enhanced replication and proliferation of T cells, which allows the immune system to work better at defending against pathogens.

Any break in the chain of infection prevents the spread of disease.   Question 4 options:   a) True   b) False