BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264839698
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 2S
The classic experiment by Pasteur (figure 1.4) tested the hypothesis that cells arise from other cells. In this experiment cell growth was measured following sterilization of broth in a swan-necked flask or in a flask with a broken neck.
a. Which variables were kept the same in these two experiments?
b. How does the shape of the flask affect the experiment?
c. Predict the outcome of each experiment based on the two hypotheses.
d. Some bacteria (germs) are capable of producing heat-resistant spores that protect the cell and allow it to continue to grow after the environment cools. How would the outcome of this experiment have been affected if spore-forming bacteria were present in the broth?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Imagine that you discover a new type of bacteria in an environment that is exposed to oxygen. A. What type of bacteria might you have discovered? B. Propose a mechanism by which they can produce the energy needed
What is an original research? Do you think the following are ideas that may be considered as original? Support your answer with logical reasons in each case :
a. Investigation of size of bacterial cells
b. Evaluation of impact of CO2 on the environment
c. Diversity of microorganisms in the fields of Kohat University
d. Investigation of new compounds in a bacterial culture
e. Application of a strain of bacteria you isolated from the soil as PGPR
The bacterium Agrobacterium infects plants and causes plant cells to develop tumorlike
cellular structures and begin synthesizing sets of proteins that protect the bacterium from
the plant immune response, as well as synthesize nutrients that can be used exclusively by
the bacterium.
Researchers testing the efficacy of two new antibiotic treatments against Agrobacterium
are tasked with designing an experiment to test their effectiveness.
Which of the following describes the most appropriate control group in this experiment?
A
B
с
D
a group of infected and untreated plants of the same species
a group of uninfected and untreated plants of a different species
a group of infected and untreated plants of a different species
a group of uninfected and untreated plants of the same species
Chapter 1 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 1.1 - Compare biology to other natural sciences.Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 1.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 1.2 - Compare the different types of reasoning used by...Ch. 1.2 - Demonstrate how to formulate and test a...Ch. 1.3 - Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural...Ch. 1.3 - Describe the evidence that supports the theory of...Ch. 1.4 - Discuss the core concepts that underlie the study...Ch. 1 - Data analysis What is the effect of reducing the...Ch. 1 - Inquiry question Might this effect be achieved...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 2IQCh. 1 - Prob. 1UCh. 1 - Prob. 2UCh. 1 - A hypothesis in biology is best described as a. a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4UCh. 1 - The cell theory states that a. cells are small. b....Ch. 1 - The molecule DNA is important to biological...Ch. 1 - The organization of living systems is a. linear...Ch. 1 - The idea of evolution a. was original to Darwin....Ch. 1 - What is the significance of Pasteurs experiment to...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is NOT an example of...Ch. 1 - How is the process of natural selection different...Ch. 1 - If you found a fossil for a modem organism next to...Ch. 1 - The theory of evolution by natural selection is a...Ch. 1 - In which domain of life would you find only...Ch. 1 - Evolutionary conservation occurs when a...Ch. 1 - Exobiology is the study of life on other planets....Ch. 1 - The classic experiment by Pasteur (figure 1.4)...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume that you have been given the job of developing a colony ofgerm-free chickens.a. What will be the main steps in this process?b. What possible experiments can you do with these animals?arrow_forwardE. coli bacteria need the amino acid tryptophan to survive. When tryptophan is present in its growth medium, E. coli is able to ingest it. However, tryptophan is not always available in the E. coli’s environment. What are some questions you can ask regarding how E. coli might respond if tryptophan is not present in its growth medium? Form a hypothesis that you can test to answer one of your questions.arrow_forwardWhat would the results of Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiment have looked like if they supported the theory of spontaneous generation? B. What did Pasteur's experiments not prove? C. How would the presence of endospores in Louis Pasteur's nutrient solutions have affected his conclusions about spontaneous generation?arrow_forward
- What was the key finding from Griffith’s experiments using live and heat-killed pathogenic bacteria? a. Bacteria with a smooth coat could kill mice. b. Bacteria with a rough coat are not lethal. c. DNA is the genetic material. d. Genetic material can be transferred from dead to live bacteria.arrow_forwardIn the experiments below, different prokaryotic cells were grown in broth cultures in the presence or absence of an antibiotic (either vancomycin or polymixin) After 1 hour, cells were rinsed, and the percent of bacteria that survived was determined. According to the data, which experiment (A or B) was done with vancomycin and which was done with polymyxin? Explain your reasoning in both cases. 100 0 A Bacillus E. coli with antibiotic without antibiotic B Methanoge n 100 Bacillus E. coli Methanogenarrow_forwardAfter some time, you found out that you did not like working in microbiology lab, so you found a job at an Environmental lab. Some park attendants said that their dogs took a dive in one of the park’s ponds and after few days they became sick. So, you went to the park and took a sample of the water to analyze it.11) To which one of the kingdoms you are expecting to find representative of that caused the dogs to become sick?12) Name the Phylum13) To which class (or group) of organisms they belong to?arrow_forward
- Review Alexander Fleming’s experiment that led to the discovery of penicillin. What would be an appropriate control for the experiment in which Fleming applied filtered medium from a Penicillium culture to plates of bacteria?arrow_forward6. A valid question for Jim's next experiment would be? a) is strawberry production different in lime treated vs. normal (unacidic) soil? b) Does Jim really like strawberries? c) Are strawberries always red? d) Will strawberries be available in the market? 7. Your tire blew out on the way coming to this exam. What would your hypothesis for the cause of the blowout be? a) A nail pricked into the tire b) The weather was bad c) Your dog chewed on the tire d) Tires are made to blow out 8. A scientist testing the affects of a chemical on apple yield sprays an orchard with the chemical. A second orchard does not receive the chemical. In the fall, the number of apples harvested from each forest is counted. Which of the following is the independent (manipulated) variable in the experiment? a) chemical b) Number of apples c) First orchard d) Second orchard 9. Sitting in class sweating profusely, you notice that the door seems to be closed every time you perspire in class. This is most closely…arrow_forwardIs organism 3 a plant, animal, or neither? Explain describe the procedure you would use to perform test C and explain how the results of test C allowed you to determine if the test was positive or negative for organism 3arrow_forward
- In the experiment by Bernard Davis, bacterial F+cells and F- cells were growing while separated by a filter. Filter pores allowed the passage of the liquid medium but not the bacteria cells. As a result: 1) prototype colonies grew well on minimal medium 2) F+ cells were converted to F- cells despite the physical separation 3)F- cells were converted F+ cells despite the physical separation 4)F+ cells were not converted to F- cells because of the physical separation 5) F- cells were not converted to F+ cells because of the physical separation 6)there was no growth of prototypes on minimal mediumarrow_forwardYou are a technician working in a microbiology lab. You grow two bacteria cultures, Bug A and Bug B, for two purposes: You want to harvest lactic acid for sports drinks from Bug A. You want to harvest antibiotics from Bug B for the pharmaceutical industry. Describe how you would maintain the two cultures, how you might manage their nutrient supply and waste products in order to induce them to produce the desired products. Which stage of the growth curve would you try to keep them in?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the best definition of generationtime?(a) The length of time it takes for lag phase to occur(b) The length of time it takes a population of cells to double(c) The minimum length of time it takes a cell to divide(d) The length of time a culture stays in stationary phase(e) The length of time it takes log phase to occurarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Intro to Food Microbiology; Author: A professor pressing record;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg8fSmk0dVU;License: Standard youtube license