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Concept explainers
Explain the reason for classifying the freeway with a ramp metering system as a system with a feedback.
Sketch a flowchart similar to that of Figure 1.11 and label the lines and boxes with terms applicable to access the control of a freeway.
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Explanation of Solution
Ramp metering system:
- 1. The ramp metering system is used to regulate the volume of traffic that enters the freeways, depending upon the current traffic conditions.
- 2. The usage of this system reduces the traffic congestion and improves the safety of the driver.
- 3. The ramp metering system has two signals namely red and green signals.
The classification of this system as a system with a feedback relies on the fact that the system has significant input and output with a positive consequence (feedback) over the environment.
For example, the output of the ramp metering system are less traffic congestion, reduced pollution, and increased driver safety. These outputs show that the feedback is positive and also the system is most suited to the environment.
Sketch the flowchart for the ramp metering system as shown in Figure 1.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Introduction to Sustainable Civil Engineering Design
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- The following figure shows a vertical retaining wall with a granular backfill: 100.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0- 5.0- 4.0 3.0- 2.0- = +1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 1.0- 0 10 20 30 40 45 ' (deg) (a) Figure Caquot and Kerisel's solution for K 3 Let H = 4m, a = 17.5°, y = 17.5 kN/m³, ' = 35°, and 8' = 10°. For given values of ' and 8', R' = 0.53. Based on Caquot and Kerisel's solution, what would be the passive force per meter length of the wall? (Enter your answer to two significant figures.) Pp= kN/marrow_forwardThe dam presented below is 180 m long (in the direction perpendicular to the plane of thecross-section). For the water elevations given on the drawing:a) Construct the flow net (minimum number of equipotential lines should be 10),b) Calculate the rate of seepage for the entire dam,c) Find the total uplift force on the dam (ignore barriers), andd) Estimate the hydraulic gradient at points A, B, and Darrow_forwardThe influence line for moment at B for the beam shown is A -6 m- B a. O at A, 6 at B, and 15 at C b. 1 at A, 1 at B, and 1 at C c. O at A, 0 at B, and -9 at C d. O at A, 1 at B, and 1 and C -9 m-arrow_forward
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- Traffic and Highway EngineeringCivil EngineeringISBN:9781305156241Author:Garber, Nicholas J.Publisher:Cengage LearningResidential Construction Academy: House Wiring (M...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781285852225Author:Gregory W FletcherPublisher:Cengage Learning
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