Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134565927
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 21QGW
The manufacturer of a particular brand of toothpaste claims that the brand contains “no chemicals.” Using a few grammatically correct English sentences, describe what you think the company means by that statement. Would a scientist consider the manufacturer’s statement to be correct? Why or why not?
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Writing the rate law implied by a simple mechanism
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Suppose the decomposition of ozone proceeds by the following mechanism:
step
elementary reaction
rate constant
1
→>>
O3(9) O2(g) + O(g)
k₁
2
03(g) + O(g)
→
202(g)
k2
Suppose also k₁ »k2. That is, the first step is much faster than the second.
Write the balanced
chemical equation for the
overall chemical reaction:
Write the experimentally-
observable rate law for the
overall chemical reaction.
☐
rate
=
☐
Note: your answer should
not contain the
concentrations of any
intermediates.
Express the rate constant
k for the overall chemical
reaction in terms of K1, K2,
and (if necessary) the rate
constants k-1 and K-2 for
the reverse of the two
elementary reactions in
the mechanism.
k =
☐
000
18
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Ar
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Where can you find chemicals? a. In a hardware...Ch. 1 - Q2. Which statement best defines chemistry?
a. The...Ch. 1 - According to the scientific method, what is a law?...Ch. 1 - Q4. Which statement is an example of an...Ch. 1 - The graph below shows the area of a circle as a...Ch. 1 - Which characteristic is necessary for success in...Ch. 1 - Why does soda fizz?Ch. 1 - 2. What are chemicals? Give some examples.
Ch. 1 - What do chemists try to do? How do they understand...Ch. 1 - 4. What is meant by the statement, “Matter does...
Ch. 1 - Define chemistry.Ch. 1 - How is chemistry connected to everyday life? How...Ch. 1 - 7. Explain the scientific method.
Ch. 1 - Cite an example from this chapter of the...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between a law and a theory?Ch. 1 - 10. What is the difference between a hypothesis...Ch. 1 - What is wrong with the statement, It is just a...Ch. 1 - What is the law of conservation of mass, and who...Ch. 1 - What is the atomic theory, and who formulated it?Ch. 1 - Prob. 14ECh. 1 - Classify each statement as an observation, a law,...Ch. 1 - 16. Classify each statement as an observation, a...Ch. 1 - 17. A student prepares several samples of the same...Ch. 1 - A student measures the volume of a gas sample at...Ch. 1 - A chemist in an imaginary universe does an...Ch. 1 - 20. A chemist decomposes several samples of water...Ch. 1 - 21. The manufacturer of a particular brand of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22QGWCh. 1 - 23. In your own words, provide a brief definition...Ch. 1 - 24. How curious are you? How good are your...Ch. 1 - 25. The graph displays world population over time....
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- Deducing a rate law from the change in concentration over time To exit full screen, press and hold esc A chemistry graduate student is studying the rate of this reaction: H2CO3(aq) → H₂O(aq) +CO₂ (aq) - She fills a reaction vessel with H2CO3 and measures its concentration as the reaction proceeds: time (milliseconds) [H2CO3] 0 0.0500 M 10. 0.0266M 20. 0.0181 M 30. 0.0138M 40. 0.0111 M Use this data to answer the following questions. Write the rate law for this reaction. Calculate the value of the rate constant k. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol. rate ☐ x10 k = Х 000 18 Ararrow_forwardWriting the rate law implied by a simple mechanism Suppose the formation of tert-butanol proceeds by the following mechanism: step elementary reaction 1 (CH3)3 CBr(aq) → (CH3)2 C* (aq) + Br (aq) 2 (CH3)2C (aq) + OH¯ (aq) → (CH3)2COH(aq) rate constant k₁ k₂ Suppose also k₁ »k2. That is, the first step is much faster than the second. Write the balanced chemical equation for the overall chemical reaction: Write the experimentally- observable rate law for the overall chemical reaction. Note: your answer should not contain the concentrations of any intermediates. rate = k ☐ Express the rate constant k for the overall chemical reaction in terms of K1, K2, and (if necessary) the rate constants k-1 and K-2 for the reverse of the two elementary reactions in the mechanism. k = ☐ □ ☑ G ? 00. 18 Ar Barrow_forwardDeducing a rate law from the change in concentration over time A chemistry graduate student is studying the rate of this reaction: 2SO3 (g) →>> 2SO2 (g) + O2(g) He fills a reaction vessel with SO3 and measures its concentration as the reaction proceeds: ? time (minutes) [SO3] 0 0.0200M 1.0 0.0105 M 2.0 0.00552M 3.0 0.00290M 4.0 0.00152M Use this data to answer the following questions. Write the rate law for this reaction. rate = k ☐ x10 Calculate the value of the rate constant k. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol. k = ☐ Х 000 18 Ar BAarrow_forward
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- Deducing a rate law from the change in concentration over time chemistry graduate student is studying the rate of this reaction: 2H3PO4 (aq) → P₂O5 (aq) +3H₂O (aq) 2 e fills a reaction vessel with H3PO and measures its concentration as the reaction proceeds: 4 time (seconds) [H3PO4] 0 0.500M 1.0 0.229 M 2.0 0.148M 3.0 0.110M 4.0 0.0871 M se this data to answer the following questions. Write the rate law for this reaction. rate = k x10 Calculate the value of the rate constant k. k = Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol. ☑ G olo 18 Ararrow_forwardWriting the rate law implied by a simple mechanism Suppose the formation of nitrosyl chloride proceeds by the following mechanism: elementary reaction step rate constant 1 NO(g) + Cl2(g) → NOC₁₂(g) k₁ 2 NOCl2(g) + NO(g) 2 NOCl(g) →>> k2 Suppose also k₁ »k. That is, the first step is much faster than the second. Write the balanced chemical equation for the overall chemical reaction: Write the experimentally- observable rate law for the overall chemical reaction. rate = k ☐ Note: your answer should not contain the concentrations of any intermediates. Express the rate constant k for the overall chemical reaction in terms of K1, K2, and (if necessary) the rate constants k-1 and K-2 for the reverse of the two elementary reactions in the mechanism. k = | Х ? 18 Ararrow_forwardUsing first- and second-order integrated rate laws 1/5 Consider this reaction: H2CO3(aq) → H₂O (aq) +CO₂ (aq) At a certain temperature it obeys this rate law. rate = (2.27 s¹) [H2CO3] Suppose a vessel contains H2CO3 at a concentration of 0.830M. Calculate how long it takes for the concentration of H2CO3 to decrease by 83.0%. You may assume no other reaction is important. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. S x10 ☑ § ? 00. 18 Ararrow_forward
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