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Define and e xplain the differences between the following terms.
a. law and theory
b. theory and experiment
c. qualitative and quantitative
d. hypothesis and theory
(a)
To determine: The difference between the terms law and theory.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Law is defined as a set of rules whereas theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement.
Explanation of Solution
Law - Law can be defined as an arrangement of rules and regulations that are enforced upon through a group of organizations. It is very instrumental in shaping the politics, economy and the society in many ways. It behaves as an important mediator in the relation among people.
Theory - A theory is generally defined as an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement of perceptions. It mainly does two things:
- Distinguishes the arrangement of particular perception as a class of processes.
- Makes statements about the basic reality that leads to or influences this class.
Law is the set of rules where as theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement
(b)
To determine: The difference between the terms theory and experiment.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement and Experiment is the strategy for researching causal connections among factors.
Explanation of Solution
Theory - A theory is generally defined as an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement of perceptions. It mainly does two things:
- Distinguishes the arrangement of particular perception as a class of processes.
- Makes statements about the basic reality that leads to or influences this class.
Experiment - An experiment is a strategy for research on causal connections among various factors. It is an important quality of the factual approach towards the acquiring of data relating to the world. It finds its usage in both the social sciences as well as the natural sciences. Its usage in solving practical problems and in supporting certain theoretical assumptions is one of its important characteristics.
Theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement while an experiment is a strategy for research on causal connections among various factors.
(c)
To determine: The difference between the terms qualitative and quantitative.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Qualitative is relative with the subjective nature of a thing whereas Quantitative relates to the amount of a substance.
Explanation of Solution
Qualitative - This relates to the subjective nature of a thing or marvel, for example, feel, taste, mastery, picture, administration, notoriety. It does not involve the specification of number.
Quantitative - This relates to the target nature of a thing or wonder that is quantifiable and certain, for example, lightness or heaviness, taller or shorter, and thickness or slimness. The specification of number is involved in this case.
The term qualitative relates to the subjective nature of a thing where as the term quantitative is related to the amount of a substance.
(d)
To determine: The difference between the terms hypothesis and theory.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Hypothesis is a presumption whereas a theory is verified.
Explanation of Solution
Hypothesis - Hypothesis consists of several presumptions that are not verified or formulated. Since it is based on presumptions, this may or may not be true.
Theory – An assembly of hypothesis that is verified and formulated is known as a theory.
Hypothesis is a presumption where as a theory is verified fact. A hypothesis may or may not be true but a theory is always correct
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Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY: AN ATOMS FIRST APPROACH
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