EBK ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781119179238
Author: BRACK
Publisher: JOHN WILEY+SONS INC.
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1QP
To determine
The two major problems created by depending on fossil fuels for most of our energy.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 1QP
The major problems associated with the use of fossil fuels include environmental pollution and the non-renewability of fossil fuels.
Explanation of Solution
The fossil fuel introduces to a natural fuel source that formed in the geological history from the remains of a living organism. Fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas come from the remains of ancient plants and animals that were buried for millions of years.
Fossil fuels have been used for centuries to generate power, but there are two major problems associated with their use:
(i) Fossil fuels are non-renewable and unsustainable.
(ii) Fossil fuels pollute the environment, and the drilling process for fossil fuel is dangerous.
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Exercise Ten / Geologic Time
177
d. Based on the ages of the rock layers in outcrop 1, identify an unconformity. Remember that an unconformity is
a break in the rock record. Draw a wavy line on the figure to represent the unconformity.
Ginkgo
Period
Ginkgo
Lepidodendron
Dimetrodon
Period
Tyrannosaurus
Calamites
Inoceramus
Period
Lepidodendron
Rhodocrinites
Archimedes
Eurypterus
Period
Sharks
Period
Phacops
Agnostus
Outcrop 1
Period
Period
Ichthyosaurus
Period
Sharks
Ceratites
Period
Paleolimulus
A Figure 10.17 Sequences of sedimentary rock layers to accompany Question 7.
10.8 Numerical Dating with Radioactivity
■ Explain the principle of radiometric dating, including half-life, parent isotope,
and daughter product.
Radioactivity has provided a reliable means for calculating the numerical (absolute) age of
rocks, a procedure called radiometric dating. Radioactive isotopes, such as uranium-238,
emit particles from their nuclei that we call radiation. Ultimately, the process of decay…
Dike K
H
Fault L
Figure 10.12 Geologic block diagram of a hypothetical area.
C
Youngest
B
Intrusion J
Oldest
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Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
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Similar questions
- I need help with part b and c. I don't want an explanation I need the actual graph, because it's hard to understand an explanation without showing what they mean.arrow_forwardI need help with part b and c. I don't want an explanation I need the actual graph preferably broken down, because it's hard to understand an explanation without showing what they mean.arrow_forwardI need help with part b and c I don't know how to draw it.arrow_forward
- 4. What is the geologic range of the fossil shown in Figure 10.15? From the Ordovician period through the Permian period. 5. What is the geologic range of the fossil shown in Figure 10.16? From the Cambrian period through the Permian period. 6. Imagine that you have discovered a rock outcrop that contains the fossils identified in Questions 4 and 5. What is the geologic range of this rock?From theperiod through the period.arrow_forward4. What is the geologic range of the fossil shown in Figure 10.15? From the period through the period5. What is the geologic range of the fossil shown in Figure 10.16? From the period through the period.arrow_forwardACTIVITY 10.6 Types of Fossils Pg 174 1. Refer to Figure 10.13. Which photo(s) (A-1) best illustrate(s) the methods of fossilization or fossil evidence listed below? (Photos/letters may be used more than once.)Permineralization: The small internal cavities and pores of an original organism that are filled with precipitated mineral matter. Photo(s):Cast: The space once occupied by a dissolved shell or other structure that is subsequently filled with mineral matter. Photo(s):Carbonization: Preservation that occurs when fine sediment encases delicate plant or animal forms and leaves a residue of carbon, Photo(s):Impression: A replica of an organism, such as a leaf, left in fine-grained sedimentary rock. Photo(s):Amber: Hardened resin of ancient trees that preserved delicate organisms such as insects. Photo(s):Indirect evidence: Traces of prehistoric life but not the organism itself. Photo(s):arrow_forward
- ACTIVITY 10.7 Fossils as Time Indicators Pgs 175-176Use Figure 10.14, page 175, to complete the following. 1. What is the geologic range of plants that belong to the group Ginkgo?From theperiod through theperiod. 2. What is the geologic range of Lepidodendron, an extinct coal-producing plant?From theperiod through theperiod. 3. Imagine that you have discovered an outcrop of sedimentary rock that contains fossil shark teeth and fossils of Archimedes. In which time periods might this rock have formed?From theperiod through theperiod.arrow_forwardACTIVITY 10.4 Unconformities Pg 1721. Label the angular unconformity and disconformity on Figure 10.10. 2. Identify the types of unconformities in Figure 10.11A and Figure 10.11Barrow_forwardACTIVITY 10.3 Principles of Cross-Cutting and Inclusions Pg 171Figure 10.8 is a geologic cross-section of a hypothetical area. Use it to answer the following questions. 1. Is the igneous intrusion, dike E, older or younger than rock layers A-D? 2. Is fault H older or younger than rock layers A-D? 3. Is fault H older or younger than sedimentary layers F and G? 4. Did fault H occur before or after dike E? Explain how you arrived at your answer. 5. What evidence supports the conclusion that the igneous intrusion labeled sili B is more recent than the rock layers on either side (A and C)? ACTIVITY 10.5 Applying Relative Dating Principles Pg 173Use Figure 10.12 to complete the following. 1. Identify and label the unconformities in Figure 10.12. 2. Is rock layer I older or younger than layer H? What relative dating principle did you apply to determine your answer?Rock layer I isthan layer H.Relative dating principle: 3. Is fault L older or younger than rock layer D? What principle did you…arrow_forward
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