
MACROECONOMICS IN MODULES
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319245368
Author: KRUGMAN
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1P
To determine
The principles used in the given case.
Concept Introduction:
Principles of Individual Choice:
- “Choice is necessary because resources are scarce”- Resources are always scarce in respect to its use, a single resource can be put to various alternative uses. Therefore, one has to choose between the various uses.
- “The true cost of something is its
opportunity cost ”- The value of any commodity is derived from the forgone cost to get that particular commodity. - “How much is the decision at the margin”- The choice of having something depends on the benefits one receive from that choice.
- “People usually exploit opportunities to make them better off”- People are always fond of alternative incentive, which can make them in better situation as compared to the previous situation.
- “
Gains from trade ”- Individual always gain from trade by selling the product in which they are specialized and purchasing the product in which they are comparatively less specialized. - “Market moves towards equilibrium”- Market always tries to settle down at a point where no individual is comparatively better off in changing his choice.
- “Resources should be used efficiently to achieve society’s goals”- Resources should be used in such a way that will not make any better off by making the other individual worse off.
- “Markets usually lead to efficiency”- People always look for the opportunity, which can make them better off without making any other person worse off, this leads to
efficiency in the market. - “When markets don’t achieve efficiency, government intervention can improve society’s welfare”- Government intervention is required when the market do not correct itself.
- “One person’s spending is another person’s income”- The economy will always go on because a person earns only when the other person spends.
- “Overall spending sometimes gets out of line with the economy’s productive capacity”- The economy can face inflation at the time when spending of whole economy raises all together.
- “Government policies can change spending”- Various fiscal and
monetary policies of government are used to correct the situation of the economy and adjust the spending.
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2.) Using the line drawing
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Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required objects.
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d. Now suppose the price of labour rises to $5 per unit, but the firm still wants to produce 500 tires per day. Explain how a cost-minimizing firm adjusts to this change (with no change in technology).
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▼
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The firm that is producing at point A can reduce its costs
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B. less capital and more labour.
○ C. less capital and the same labour.
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C
A
B
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C
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isocost line A and isocost line B is that
A. the total cost is larger along B.
B. the total cost is larger along A.
OC. labour is relatively more expensive along A.
○ D. the level of output is lower along A.
OE. both capital and labour are relatively cheaper
along A.
Capital
B
Labour
Chapter 1 Solutions
MACROECONOMICS IN MODULES
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