Concept explainers
Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book.
The Principle of Molecular Recognition Through Structural Complementarity

To explain:
How proteins interact with various biomolecules through molecular surfaces which are structurally complementary.
Introduction:
Proteins are made up of amino acids. Diversity of these amino acids is the key feature that enable proteins to interact with other biomolecules with various kinds of characteristics. Some amino acids are nonpolar (alanine, cysteine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine); they are very important in forming hydrophobic interactions. There are polar amino acids (serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, and tyrosine); they involve in dipole-dipole interactions and H bonding. These polar amino acids are very important in forming interactions with polar carbohydrates. There are charged amino acids depending on the physiochemical pH value.
Explanation of Solution
Structural features that are formed as a result of diversity of the building blocks (amino acid) of proteins enable them to form interactions with various kinds of chemical species. For an example lysine and arginine (+ charge), aspartate and glutamate (- charge) can get charged based on the pH value of the medium. Thus, they can interact with charged species. Nucleic acids consist of pentose sugars, phosphate groups and nitrogenous bases. In general, nucleic acids interact with proteins forming various deferent interactions that includes hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions as well as dipole-dipole interactions.
When a protein is made up with the incorporation of various amino acids, they provide unique structural properties for the protein. Thus, they can interact with various biomolecules through these structural features.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Study Guide with Student Solutions Manual and Problems Book for Garrett/Grisham's Biochemistry, 6th
- Show the fate of the proton on the 4-Oxygen molecule of F-1,6-BP. Please include a drawing showing the electron flow that occurs.arrow_forward1. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following aldol condensation? O NaOH, H₂O heat A B C D Earrow_forwardAn organic chemist ordered the wrong item. She wanted to obtain 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, butinstead ordered 2-hydroxybutyraldehyde. As a good biochemist, show how the organic chemistcould use biological catalysis to make her desired compound. Please show the mechanism by drawing.arrow_forward
- Show the fate of the hydrogen on carbon-2 of glucose. Please draw out the structure using curve arrows to show electron flow.arrow_forward3. Which one of the compounds below is the major product formed by the reaction sequence shown here? CH3 + CH3NO2 NaOH H2, Ni ? nitromethane acetophenone OH OH HO HN- u x x x x Ph A HO -NH2 HO H Ph Ph Ph N- H B Ph NH2 D Earrow_forward4. Only ONE of the five compounds below can be prepared by an aldol condensation in which a single carbonyl compound is treated with base. Which one is it? To solve this problem, reverse the aldol condensation that formed each of these molecules to find out what two molecules came together to make the products. The one in which the two molecules are identical is the answer. Ph Ph ཚིག གནས ག ནཱ ཀ ན ཀནཱ A Ph H B Ph Ph H D Ph. Ph Ph E Harrow_forward
- 5. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction sequence? First, equimolar amounts of cyclopentanone and LDA are mixed at -78°C. Then propionaldehyde (propanal) is added. Addition of aqueous acid completes the process. LDA, -78°C. 1. 2. H₂O* H A B H 0 D H H Earrow_forward2. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction? NaOH, H₂O heat A B C D Earrow_forwardCH3CH2CHO + propanal PhCH2CHO 2-phenylacetaldehyde mixture of four products NaOH 10. In the crossed aldol reaction of propanal and 2-phenylacetaldehyde shown above, a mixture of four products will be formed. Which ONE of the compounds below will NOT be formed in this crossed aldol reaction? OH Ph A H OH OH Ph H B OH OH H H H Ph Ph C Ph D Earrow_forward
- An organic chemist ordered the wrong item. She wanted to obtain 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, butinstead ordered 2-hydroxybutyraldehyde. As a good biochemist, show how the organic chemistcould use biological catalysis to make her desired compound.arrow_forwardPredict the products of aldolase catalyzing the reaction with acetone and (S)-3-hydroxybutyraldehyde.arrow_forwardA cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy is taking a protein kinase inhibitor drug. The patientis an avid marathon runner and does not want to miss his upcoming race. Is it a good idea forthis patient to attempt a marathon while on this medication? Explain why or why not.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
