Fundamentals of Information Systems (Looseleaf)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337099042
Author: STAIR
Publisher: Cengage
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1LO
Program Plan Intro
Difference between data, information and knowledge and characteristics of quality data.
Expert Solution & Answer
Explanation of Solution
Most of the people get confused with the data and information. Data can be anything or you can say any raw fact. Data can be in the form of numbers, pictures, and words. We cannot get exact information out of the data. Data is unprocessed, unorganized and can be in any random format but when that data is processed and organized it gives information when some context or meaningful words are added to the data and form the related information. You can say data is integrated and organized so that it is used by people in the form of information. On the other hand, knowledge is something we gain after processing the valuable information.
To make it clearer, let us take an example of a match. Suppose we have data as 68 and 70. We cannot get anything out of these numeric values. Now, by adding some context with these numeric values such as Team 1-68 and Team 2-70, we get information that Team 1 has scored 68 and Team 2 has scored 70. Now, from this information we can do comparison to gain knowledge that Team 2 has scored more and thus must have won the match.
Different characteristics of quality data are:
The first characteristic is that of Accuracy. Quality data should be accurate in context with for what purpose it is required.
Validity is another characteristic of quality data. Data should be valid in accordance to the requirements.
Timeliness is another characteristic of Quality data. Data should be collected at the time when it is needed. Data collected early or late can lead to incorrect results.
Completeness is an important characteristic of quality data. Data should always be complete because incomplete data cannot get the desired results.
Consistency: Data should be consistent. Data should not contradict at different sources.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The next problem concerns the following C code:
/copy input string x to buf */
void foo (char *x) {
char buf [8];
strcpy((char *) buf, x);
}
void callfoo() {
}
foo("ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA");
Here is the corresponding machine code on a Linux/x86 machine:
0000000000400530 :
400530:
48 83 ec 18
sub
$0x18,%rsp
400534:
48 89 fe
mov
%rdi, %rsi
400537:
48 89 e7
mov
%rsp,%rdi
40053a:
e8 di fe ff ff
callq
400410
40053f:
48 83 c4 18
add
$0x18,%rsp
400543:
c3
retq
400544:
0000000000400544 :
48 83 ec 08
sub
$0x8,%rsp
400548:
bf 00 06 40 00
mov
$0x400600,%edi
40054d:
e8 de ff ff ff
callq 400530
400552:
48 83 c4 08
add
$0x8,%rsp
400556:
c3
This problem tests your understanding of the program stack. Here are some notes to
help you work the problem:
⚫ strcpy(char *dst, char *src) copies the string at address src (including
the terminating '\0' character) to address dst. It does not check the size of
the destination buffer.
• You will need to know the hex values of the following characters:
1234
3. Which line prevents compiler optimization? Circle one: 1234
Suggested solution:
Store strlen(str) in a variable before the if statement.
⚫ Remove the if statement.
Replace index 0 && index < strlen(str)) {
5 }
}
=
str [index] = val;
Character Hex value | Character Hex value Character Hex value
'A'
0x41
'J'
Ox4a
'S'
0x53
'B'
0x42
'K'
0x4b
"T"
0x54
0x43
'L'
Ox4c
'U'
0x55
0x44
'M'
0x4d
'V'
0x56
0x45
'N'
Ox4e
'W'
0x57
0x46
'0'
Ox4f
'X'
0x58
0x47
'P'
0x50
'Y'
0x59
0x48
'Q'
0x51
'Z'
Ox5a
'T'
0x49
'R'
0x52
'\0'
0x00
Now consider what happens on a Linux/x86 machine when callfoo calls foo with
the input string "ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA".
A. On the left draw the state of the stack just before the execution of the instruction
at address Ox40053a; make sure to show the frames for callfoo and foo and
the exact return address, in Hex at the bottom of the callfoo frame.
Then, on the right, draw the state of the stack just after the instruction got
executed; make sure to show where the string "ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA"
is placed and what part, if any, of the above return address has been overwritten.
B. Immediately after the ret instruction at address 0x400543 executes, what is
the value of the program counter register %rip?…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Fundamentals of Information Systems (Looseleaf)
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 1 - Identify the three fundamental information system...Ch. 1 - Define the term the soft side of implementing...Ch. 1 - Identify and briefly describe five change models...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6LOCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2RQCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1CTQCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2CTQ
Ch. 1 - Prob. 2.1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2.2RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2.1CTQCh. 1 - What actions would you recommend to minimize...Ch. 1 - The value of information is directly linked to how...Ch. 1 - The value of information is directly linked to how...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3SATCh. 1 - Prob. 4SATCh. 1 - Prob. 5SATCh. 1 - Managers have an essential role to play in the...Ch. 1 - Managers have an essential role to play in the...Ch. 1 - Information systems must be implemented in such a...Ch. 1 - Information systems must be implemented in such a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10SATCh. 1 - Prob. 11SATCh. 1 - Information systems must be implemented in such a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13SATCh. 1 - Information systems must be implemented in such a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 15SATCh. 1 - Prob. 16SATCh. 1 - The information system worker functions at the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 18SATCh. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2RQCh. 1 - Prob. 3RQCh. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - Prob. 5RQCh. 1 - Prob. 6RQCh. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - Prob. 9RQCh. 1 - Prob. 10RQCh. 1 - Prob. 11RQCh. 1 - Prob. 12RQCh. 1 - Prob. 13RQCh. 1 - Prob. 14RQCh. 1 - Prob. 15RQCh. 1 - Prob. 16RQCh. 1 - Prob. 17RQCh. 1 - Prob. 18RQCh. 1 - Prob. 1DQCh. 1 - Prob. 2DQCh. 1 - Prob. 3DQCh. 1 - Prob. 4DQCh. 1 - Prob. 5DQCh. 1 - Prob. 6DQCh. 1 - Prob. 7DQCh. 1 - Your manager has asked for your input on ideas for...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9DQCh. 1 - Prob. 10DQCh. 1 - Prob. 11DQCh. 1 - Prob. 12DQCh. 1 - Prob. 1PSECh. 1 - Prob. 2PSECh. 1 - Prob. 3PSECh. 1 - Prob. 1WECh. 1 - Prob. 2WECh. 1 - Prob. 3WECh. 1 - Prob. 1CECh. 1 - Prob. 2CECh. 1 - Prob. 3CECh. 1 - Prob. 1.1CSCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2CSCh. 1 - Prob. 1.3CSCh. 1 - Prob. 2.1CSCh. 1 - Prob. 2.2CSCh. 1 - Prob. 2.3CS
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