(a) Interpretation: The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion ( H 3 O + ) using oxygen s p 3 -hybridized orbitals is to be drawn. Concept introduction: The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.30AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion (H3O+) using oxygen sp3-hybridized orbitals is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The H−O−H bond angles in hydronium ion are to be compared with those in water.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals combine to form the new set of orbitals known as hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are obtained due to the mixing of atomic orbitals with different azimuthal quantum numbers. The hybrid orbitals have the property of directionality that is the electron density in the hybrid orbitals is directional.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.1P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.2P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.3P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.5P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.8P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10P

Solution Summary: The author illustrates the hybrid-orbital picture for the hydronium ion using oxygen sp3.

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