
Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604657
Author: Charles D. Ghilani
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P
List 10 uses. for
Expert Solution & Answer

To determine
The list of ten uses for surveying in areas other than land surveying.
Explanation of Solution
The uses of surveying in areas other than land surveying are as follows
- Topographic surveys: A topographic survey is used to create maps of any location or areas by determining the elevations of all the natural as well as artificial features.
- Cadastral surveys: A cadastral survey is used to establish the property lines.
- Hydrographic surveys: The hydrographic surveying is also known as underwater surveying used to determine the depth of the water bodies, for determining and updating the nautical data which is used in navigating the oceans, and investigation of the marine environment.
- Astronomical surveys: Astronomical surveying is used to create an image of maps of celestial bodies and for determining the position of stars and planets.
- Aerial surveys: Aerial surveying is used to create the maps or images of any location by using the high-quality cameras fixed at the bottom of airplanes, helicopters or any other aerial bodies.
- Mine surveys: Mine surveying is done to determine the natural resources such as minerals and energy resources below the ground at greater depths.
- Satellite surveys: Satellite surveying is used to determine the position and altitude of any point with the help of satellites revolving around the Earth. For example, the GPS (Global Positioning System).
- Alignment surveys: Alignment surveying is used to create the maps and plans of linear projects. For example, railway, highways, sewer and pipelines and tunneling.
- Remote sensing: Remote sensing is the technique of determining the information of any geographical area by sensing the reflected relations using high-power sensing devices.
- Geographical information systems (GIS): The GIS is a computer system designed to collect, store, manipulate, and analyze the geographic data. This is done to create GIS-based maps. For example, google maps.
Conclusion:
There are many uses of surveying which are listed above.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Consider the specifications for an asphaltic concrete mixture and the results of a sieve analysis below.
Coarse aggregates:
Fine aggregates:
Filler:
60%
35%
5%
Percent of Weight of Aggregate or Filler
Passing
Sieve
Designation
Retained on
Sieve
Designation
Coarse
Aggregate
Fine
Aggregate
Mineral
Filler
3/4 in. (19 mm)
1/2 in.
6
1/2 in. (12.5 mm)
3/8 in.
15
3/8 in. (9.5 mm)
No. 4
50
-
No. 4 (4.75 mm)
No. 10
20
1
No. 10 (2 mm)
No. 40 (0.425 mm)
No. 40
9
35
-
No. 80
31
40
No. 80 (0.180 mm)
No. 200 (0.075 mm)
Total
No. 200
-
33
-
-
25
35
100
100
100
Determine the proportion of different aggregates to obtain the required gradation.
Percent of Total Weight of Mixture
Passing
Sieve
Designation
Retained on
Sieve
Designation
Coarse
Aggregate
Fine
Aggregate
3/4 in. (19 mm)
1/2 in. (12.5 mm)
3/8 in. (9.5 mm)
1/2 in.
3/8 in.
No. 4
No. 4 (4.75 mm)
No. 10
No. 10 (2 mm)
No. 40
No. 40 (0.425 mm)
No. 80
No. 80 (0.180 mm)
No. 200
No. 200 (0.075 mm)
Total
Need Help?
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Mineral
Filler
Total
100
Results obtained from laboratory tests on a sample of RC-250 asphalt cement are given. Determine whether the properties of this material meet the Asphalt Institute specifications for this type of material; if not, note the differences. (For each specification, enter the minimum acceptab
value in the same units as used in the test results.)
• Kinematic viscosity at 140°F (60°C) = 230 centistokes
• Flash point (Tagliabue open cup) = 89°F
• Distillation test where distillate percent by volume of total distillate to 680°F (360ºC)
• To 437°F (225°C) = 27%
• To 500°F (260°C) = 69%
• To 600°F (316°C) = 72%
• Residue from distillation to 680°F (360°C) by volume percentage of sample by difference
• Tests on Residue from Distillation:
• Ductility at 77°F (25°C) = 92 cm
• Absolute viscosity at 140°F (60°C) = 620 poises
⚫ Solubility = 90%
Property
Kinematic Viscosity
=
74%
Specification
Test Results
Were Specifications Met?
centistokes
230 centistokes
---Select--- ✓
Flash Point
°F
89°F…
Problem 2
Two machines produce rivets for a factory job. The number of sub-standard rivets per hour by the two
machines are random variables, denoted by X1 and X2. The bivariate PMF of X1 and X2, Px,x,(x1,x2), is
given in the table below.
X2=0
X2=1
X2=2
X2=3
X₁-0
0.07
0.05
0.02
0.01
X₁ =1
0.05
0.16
0.12
0.02
X₁ =2
0.02
0.12
0.17
0.05
X₁ =3
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.07
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Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
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