
EBK ELEMENTARY SURVEYING
15th Edition
ISBN: 8220106714225
Author: GHILANI
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P
List 10 uses. for
Expert Solution & Answer

To determine
The list of ten uses for surveying in areas other than land surveying.
Explanation of Solution
The uses of surveying in areas other than land surveying are as follows
- Topographic surveys: A topographic survey is used to create maps of any location or areas by determining the elevations of all the natural as well as artificial features.
- Cadastral surveys: A cadastral survey is used to establish the property lines.
- Hydrographic surveys: The hydrographic surveying is also known as underwater surveying used to determine the depth of the water bodies, for determining and updating the nautical data which is used in navigating the oceans, and investigation of the marine environment.
- Astronomical surveys: Astronomical surveying is used to create an image of maps of celestial bodies and for determining the position of stars and planets.
- Aerial surveys: Aerial surveying is used to create the maps or images of any location by using the high-quality cameras fixed at the bottom of airplanes, helicopters or any other aerial bodies.
- Mine surveys: Mine surveying is done to determine the natural resources such as minerals and energy resources below the ground at greater depths.
- Satellite surveys: Satellite surveying is used to determine the position and altitude of any point with the help of satellites revolving around the Earth. For example, the GPS (Global Positioning System).
- Alignment surveys: Alignment surveying is used to create the maps and plans of linear projects. For example, railway, highways, sewer and pipelines and tunneling.
- Remote sensing: Remote sensing is the technique of determining the information of any geographical area by sensing the reflected relations using high-power sensing devices.
- Geographical information systems (GIS): The GIS is a computer system designed to collect, store, manipulate, and analyze the geographic data. This is done to create GIS-based maps. For example, google maps.
Conclusion:
There are many uses of surveying which are listed above.
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The single degree of freedom (SDOF) system the acceleration at the base (excitation) and the acceleration at the roof (response) of the SDOF system was recorded with sampling rate 50 Hz (50 samples per second, or dt= 0.02 seconds). The file ElCentro.txt includes the two columns of acceleration data. The first column lists the acceleration at the base of the SDOF system. The second column lists the acceleration at the roof of the SDOF system. (a) Plot the time histories of the recorded accelerations at the base and at the roof of the SDOF system. (b) Compute the acceleration, velocity and displacement time histories of the roof of the SDOF system subjected to the recorded base acceleration using the Central Difference method. Plot the accel- eration, velocity and displacement time histories. Plot the restoring force, the damping force, and the inertia force time histories. Compare the recorded acceleration time history at the roof of the SDOF with the acceleration that you computed…
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY SURVEYING
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