Chemistry: Structure and Properties Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (2nd Edition) (New Chemistry Titles from Niva Tro)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134436524
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 119E
Use the concepts in this chapter to obtain an estimate for the number of atoms in the universe. Make the following assumptions: (a) All of the atoms in the universe are hydrogen atoms in stars. (This is not a ridiculous assumption because over three-fourths of the atoms in the universe are in fact hydrogen. Gas and dust between the stars represent only about 15% of the visible matter of our galaxy, and planets compose a far smaller fraction.) (b) The sun is a typical star composed of pure hydrogen with a density of 1.4 g/cm3 and a radius of 7 x 108m. (c) Each of the roughly 100 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy contains the same number of atoms as our sun. (d) Each of the 10 billion galaxies in the visible universe contains the same number of atoms as our Milky Way galaxy.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (2nd Edition) (New Chemistry Titles from Niva Tro)
Ch. 1 - Explain this statement in your own words and give...Ch. 1 - Explain the main goal of chemistry.Ch. 1 - What are two different ways to classify matter?Ch. 1 - How do solids, liquids, and gases differ?Ch. 1 - Explain the difference between a pure substance...Ch. 1 - Explain the difference between an element and a...Ch. 1 - Explain the difference between a homogeneous and a...Ch. 1 - Describe the scientific approach to knowledge. How...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9ECh. 1 - What observations did Antoine Lavoisier make? What...
Ch. 1 - What theory did John Dalton formulate?Ch. 1 - What is wrong with the expression, “That is just a...Ch. 1 - Summarize the history of the atomic idea. How was...Ch. 1 - Prob. 14ECh. 1 - State and explain the law of definite proportions.Ch. 1 - State and explain the law of multiple proportions....Ch. 1 - What are the main ideas in Dalton’s atomic theory?...Ch. 1 - How and by whom was the electron discovered? What...Ch. 1 - Explain Millikan’s oil drop experiment and how it...Ch. 1 - Prob. 20ECh. 1 - Describe Rutherford’s gold foil experiment. How...Ch. 1 - Describe Rutherford’s nuclear model of the atom....Ch. 1 - If matter is mostly empty space, as suggested by...Ch. 1 - List the three subatomic particles that compose...Ch. 1 - What defines an element?Ch. 1 - Explain the difference between Z (the atomic...Ch. 1 - Where do elements get their names?Ch. 1 - What are isotopes? What is percent natural...Ch. 1 - Describe the two different notations used to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 30ECh. 1 - Prob. 31ECh. 1 - Explain how a mass spectrometer works. What kind...Ch. 1 - What is a mole? How is the mole concept useful in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 34ECh. 1 - Each shape represents a type of particle (such as...Ch. 1 - Using triangles to represent one type of atom and...Ch. 1 - Classify each substance as a pure substance or a...Ch. 1 - Classify each substance as a pure substance or a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 39ECh. 1 - Complete the table. 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A...Ch. 1 - Which statements about subatomic particles are...Ch. 1 - Which statements about subatomic particles are...Ch. 1 - Write isotopic symbols in the form XA (e g., C-13)...Ch. 1 - Write isotopic symbols in the form ZAX for each...Ch. 1 - Determine the number of protons and the number of...Ch. 1 - Determine the number of protons and the number of...Ch. 1 - The amount of carbon-14 in ancient artifacts and...Ch. 1 - Uranium-235 is used in nuclear fission. Determine...Ch. 1 - Determine the number of protons and the number of...Ch. 1 - Determine the number of protons and the number of...Ch. 1 - Gallium has two naturally occurring isotopes with...Ch. 1 - Magnesium has three naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 1 - The atomic mass of fluorine is 18.998 amu, and its...Ch. 1 - The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 amu. 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