States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
![The image depicts a chemical equilibrium reaction involving zinc hydroxide. The equation is as follows:
\[ \text{Zn(OH)}_2(s) \rightleftharpoons \text{Zn}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{OH}^-(aq) \]
Explanation:
- \(\text{Zn(OH)}_2(s)\) is solid zinc hydroxide.
- \(\text{Zn}^{2+}(aq)\) is the zinc ion in aqueous solution with a 2+ charge.
- \(\text{OH}^-(aq)\) are hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
- The double arrow (\(\rightleftharpoons\)) indicates that the reaction is reversible and can reach equilibrium.
This equation exemplifies the dissolution of zinc hydroxide in water, forming zinc ions and hydroxide ions in solution. The equilibrium sign suggests that the reaction can proceed in both forward (dissolution) and reverse (precipitation) directions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3d57ba8c-0b2f-4dbb-833e-9f04fd4157c5%2F54b582cb-7d05-46ca-bf68-5903b40053d8%2Fei2oxb_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Answer:
According to Le-chatalier's principle, on changing any parameter of the system that is in equilibrium, it will shift in the direction where effect of that change can get eliminated.
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