Answered: Your initial attempt to get hashes from…

Your initial attempt to get hashes from /etc/password on the Linux system did not work because the shadow password file is in use and the shellshock exploit did not get you root access.

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In an earlier step, you had created a file to launch a dictionary attack against a server that did not implement salt. At 171,000 words, this file contains every word in the OED except "impossible." The dictionary stopped working once the 32-bit salt server was upgraded. You need a fresh dictionary to brute-force your way through an existing one. How many words are there in this new dictionary altogether? 120
Create an object of MessageDigest class using the java.security.MessageDigest library. Initialize the object with your selection for an appropriate algorithm cipher. Use the digest() method of the class to generate a hash value of byte type from the unique data string (your first and last name). Convert the hash value to hex using the bytesToHex function. Create a RESTFul route using the @RequestMapping method to generate and return the required information, which includes the hash value, to the web browser. Here, is the code to edit package com.snhu.sslserver; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @SpringBootApplicationpublic class ServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ServerApplication.class, args); } }…
Given a username as a string, crack the user's 4 digit pin by repeatedly calling the provided login function. Incorrect attempts to login will raise PermissionError so this, and only this, exception must be caught. Return the pin used to successfully log in. login(username,pin) Returns True if the username and pin are correct. Otherwise raises PermissionError. def crack(username): pass
It's time to implement an API. We’ll use express to do this. Replace the http module in your existing server with express. We know from our studies that we need routes to respond to client requests. For this assignment, we're going to create a route that responds to request from a front-end for a user's placing coffee orders. In your, project folder, create a new folder called “routes”. Create the following js file in this folder:orders.jsNow, let’s implement the routes. In your routing files, implement the following routes: GET /products Returns all products as json You should create a new module called product-manager that returns fake products and is used by the route.POST /orders/ The HTTP Request body contains the JSON with the data to representing a new order. An order should contain the data defined in the Order class you created last week. In the route, you will need to use your OrderManager module to store the order. You will need to…
Can you explain what a "reverse shell" is? What does an attacker do right away when they get a shell prompt from a remote system? Where can a hacker use a specific command to confirm they are connected remotely to the Security Onion's shell in the lab?
Can you explain what a "reverse shell" is? What does an attacker do right away when they get a shell prompt from a remote system? Where can a hacker use a specific command to confirm they are connected remotely to the Security Onion's shell in the lab?
Can you explain what a "reverse shell" is? What does an attacker do right away when they get a shell prompt from a remote system? Where can a hacker use a specific command to confirm they are connected remotely to the Security Onion's shell in the lab?
In UNIX-based operating systems, opening a file using a file handle can be done only in the kernel. Give a possible implementation of an NFS file handle for a user-level NFS server for a UNIX system.
ProblemMany functions in the OpenSSL library require the use of the OpenSSL pseudo-random number generator. Even if you use something like /dev/urandom yourself,OpenSSL will use its own API under the hood and thus must be seeded properly.Unfortunately, some platforms and some older versions of OpenSSL require the userto provide a secure seed. Even modern implementations of OpenSSL merely read aseed from /dev/urandom when it is available; a paranoid user may wish to do better.When using OpenSSL, you may want to use the provided PRNG for other needs, justfor the sake of consistency.
using Linux/Unix, please Suppose that you want to block everyone (except you) at the main door (your ~ directory) of your directory hierarchy (i.e., your home directory-not the files inside the directory), as shown in Figure Lab7.1 (below). Take the necessary steps to do this. Show the session that you used to accomplish the task and confirm that the task has actually been done. (dot) represents the current folder. The .(dot) can be used if we have to run a script from their home directory. For example-: ./abc-app.sh. That means the file "abc-app.sh" is in the current directory which is same as to do /home/username/directory/abc-app.sh
A Unix process may call another process without fully trusting it. In this situation, the caller may want the called process to have access only to the objects that the caller explicitly passes to it, and not to arbitrary files owned by the caller. One possible solution is to create a restricted user ID, and execute the called process under this restricted UID. In some flavors of UNIX, any process can use setuid() to set its EUID to RUID. Are thereany security implications for the situation described above, where one process calls another under a restricted UID? Assume that either the caller, or the callee may be malicious.
This is regarding Linux System calls