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YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS (perhaps a bit less detailed): Acetyl-CoA that is produced in excess of the amount that can be metabolized in the citric acid cycle results in a high concentration of acetyl-CoA. When this occurs, acetyl-CoA reacts with other acetyl-CoA to produce the three compounds that are referred to as ketone bodies. This process is referred to as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies are produced as shown in the reactions below. When individuals diet, they begin to metabolize the triglycerides that are stored in fat cells. This leads to ketogenesis. NAD ОН CH,CH-CH₂C-0 B-hydroxybutyrate CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA NADH + H + CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA H₂O 2 H-COA+H* CHỈ CH acetoacetate ketone bodies CO₂ I i CH₂-C-CH, acetone In cases of starvation, poorly treated diabetes, and conditions related to alcoholic binge drinking, the cells cannot get glucose and extremely high rates of fatty acid catabolism results in dangerous, and even fatal levels of ketone bodies. ß- hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid (the acid forms of ß- hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, respectively) have significant acid strength. Their production results in a higher concentration of H3O+, which can overcome the blood's buffering capacity. When this occurs, the blood becomes acidic. When blood pH is less than the normal range (7.35-7.45), the condition is called acidosis. When acidosis is caused by excess ketone bodies, the condition is called ketoacidosis.

YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS (perhaps a bit less detailed): Acetyl-CoA that is produced in excess of the amount that can be metabolized in the citric acid cycle results in a high concentration of acetyl-CoA. When this occurs, acetyl-CoA reacts with other acetyl-CoA to produce the three compounds that are referred to as ketone bodies. This process is referred to as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies are produced as shown in the reactions below. When individuals diet, they begin to metabolize the triglycerides that are stored in fat cells. This leads to ketogenesis. NAD ОН CH,CH-CH₂C-0 B-hydroxybutyrate CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA NADH + H + CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA H₂O 2 H-COA+H* CHỈ CH acetoacetate ketone bodies CO₂ I i CH₂-C-CH, acetone In cases of starvation, poorly treated diabetes, and conditions related to alcoholic binge drinking, the cells cannot get glucose and extremely high rates of fatty acid catabolism results in dangerous, and even fatal levels of ketone bodies. ß- hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid (the acid forms of ß- hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, respectively) have significant acid strength. Their production results in a higher concentration of H3O+, which can overcome the blood's buffering capacity. When this occurs, the blood becomes acidic. When blood pH is less than the normal range (7.35-7.45), the condition is called acidosis. When acidosis is caused by excess ketone bodies, the condition is called ketoacidosis.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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15.23) Explain the difference between ketogenesis and ketoacidosis. YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS (perhaps a bit less detailed): Acetyl-CoA that is produced in excess of the amount that can be metabolized in the citric acid cycle results in a high concentration of acetyl-CoA. When this occurs, acetyl-CoA reacts with other acetyl-CoA to produce the three compounds that are referred to as ketone bodies. This process is referred to as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies are produced as shown in the reactions below. When individuals diet, they begin to metabolize the triglycerides that are stored in fat cells. This leads to ketogenesis. NAD он CH,CH-CH₂C-07 B-hydroxybutyrate CHI-COA acetyl-CoA NADH + H+ لیے + CH₂C CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA H₂O 2 H-COA+H+ CH acetoacetate ketone bodies CO₂ CH₂-C-CH, acetone In cases of starvation, poorly treated diabetes, and conditions related to alcoholic binge drinking, the cells cannot get glucose and extremely high rates of fatty acid catabolism results in dangerous, and even fatal levels of ketone bodies. ß- hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid (the acid forms of ß- hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, respectively) have significant acid strength. Their production results in a higher concentration of H3O+, which can overcome the blood's buffering capacity. When this occurs, the blood becomes acidic. When blood pH is less than the normal range (7.35-7.45), the condition is called acidosis. When acidosis is caused by excess ketone bodies, the condition is called ketoacidosis.
Transcribed Image Text:15.23) Explain the difference between ketogenesis and ketoacidosis. YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS (perhaps a bit less detailed): Acetyl-CoA that is produced in excess of the amount that can be metabolized in the citric acid cycle results in a high concentration of acetyl-CoA. When this occurs, acetyl-CoA reacts with other acetyl-CoA to produce the three compounds that are referred to as ketone bodies. This process is referred to as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies are produced as shown in the reactions below. When individuals diet, they begin to metabolize the triglycerides that are stored in fat cells. This leads to ketogenesis. NAD он CH,CH-CH₂C-07 B-hydroxybutyrate CHI-COA acetyl-CoA NADH + H+ لیے + CH₂C CH,C-COA acetyl-CoA H₂O 2 H-COA+H+ CH acetoacetate ketone bodies CO₂ CH₂-C-CH, acetone In cases of starvation, poorly treated diabetes, and conditions related to alcoholic binge drinking, the cells cannot get glucose and extremely high rates of fatty acid catabolism results in dangerous, and even fatal levels of ketone bodies. ß- hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid (the acid forms of ß- hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, respectively) have significant acid strength. Their production results in a higher concentration of H3O+, which can overcome the blood's buffering capacity. When this occurs, the blood becomes acidic. When blood pH is less than the normal range (7.35-7.45), the condition is called acidosis. When acidosis is caused by excess ketone bodies, the condition is called ketoacidosis.
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