You start a new job in a research lab. The lab protocols state that you should check your hands for any breaks in the skin before handling infectious agents. This is because the body’s outer layer fights microbial infections bya. making the surface of the skin acidic.b. excreting lysozyme to attack bacteria.c. producing mucus to trap microorganisms.d. All of above.

Q: A 29-year-old man with reactive airway disease undergoes endobronchial biopsy. The biopsy material…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the type of cell that is most likely depicted in an…

Q: How does HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) lead to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)/lead…

A: Human immunodeficiency viruses causes AIDS.This is the condition where gradual failure of immune…

Q: Acidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use…

A: Introduction  Pathogens are microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can…

Q: An example of an endogenous microorganism is: A.Fomites b.Skin bacteria present in dermatitis. c.Air…

A: The objective of the question is to identify an example of an endogenous microorganism from the…

Q: None

A: Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a significant role in the immune system. They…

Q: When bacteria causes the death of most or all of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease,…

A:

Q: Why are encapsolated bacteria generally more pathogenic than un-capsolated strains. a. Because…

A: The capsule is a layer of polysaccharide found outside the cell envelope of bacteria.  Capsule gives…

Q: Jim has been diagnosed with meningococcal disease. His family has been started on an antibiotic to…

A: Meningococcal disease are the infections which are caused because of bacterium Neisseria…

Q: A patient is infected with S. aureus but shows no signs of abnormal increase in white blood cell…

A: Staphylococcus aureus  is a member of the gram postive bacteria, and it is a usual member of the…

Q: 1. In your own understanding, why is it that the study of Basic Life Support is very important?…

A: 1) Basic Life Support, or BLS, for the most part alludes to the kind of care that people on call,…

Q: When a body’s immune system attacks the body’s own cells, this is calleda. an inflammatory…

A: Answer is c. ) an autoimmune response.

Q: Predict how each of the following could reducehost resistance to infection:a. bone marrow damageb.…

A: Host resistance is widely characterized as the ability of the host to reduce the stress of the…

Q: Our bodies are covered in bacteria, even pathogenic strains. Name and describe three defenses our…

A: The skin is the largest organ of the human body. The skin, along with its derivatives, such as hair,…

Q: The disease where lung tissue is infected by any of a number of opportunistic microbes is called:…

A: Option B is correct bronchopneumonis.

Q: Bacterial capsules a. kill phagocytes b. prevent engulfment by phagocytes  c. prevent the…

A: The capsule is referred to as a pathogenicity since it increases bacteria's potential to produce…

Q: When the body is exposed to the same virus a second time, the immune response is Accompanied by…

A: Any foreign substances or pathogen can be harmful to an organism. Hence, the organism will develop…

Q: Invading bacteria are recognized by neutrophils, which engulf the bacteria and form a packet within…

A: Neutrophils comprises of around 40% to 70% of the WBC(white blood cells). These are the most…

Q: A friend was recently diagnosed with strep throat. One week after their treatment, his symptoms…

A: Strep throat is a bacterial infection caused by a bacterium species known as Streptococcus pyogenes.…

Q: Which of the following best represents a second line of defense: a. Both A and C b. Fever c.…

A: Defense is the first line of attack against germs and antigens. There are three lines of defense:…

Q: A nurse who is changing dressings of postoperative patientsin the hospital documents various phases…

A: An injury, usually involving the splitting of the tissue or the breaking of the integument or…

Q: In polymicrobial pulmonary infection, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia secretes a compound which…

A: The question is asking us to identify the biological process that is being described. In this…

Q: . Poisons, bacterial invasions, and allergies are examples of A. Types of direct causes of…

A: Poisons, bacterial invasion and allergies can affect animal body adversely and can cause…

Q: a cytokint storm is an overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds- cytokines can…

A: Cytokine storm or hypercytokinemia is the physiological response of an animal's innate immunity…

Q: Which of the following drug clasification is responsible to liquify/break down mucus in order to aid…

A: It is important for a nurse to know the different classes of drugs and their actions as well as side…

Q: When viruses flourish and grow in the bloodstream, this is referred to as a. viremia. c. septicemia.…

A: There are large number of pathogens which infect our tissue and they migrate between the various…

Q: When virus enters into our body, many cells acquire antiviral state due to: a Acquiring resistance…

A: When virus enters our body many cells acquire antiviral state due to INTERFERON PRODUCTION (e)

Q: Unlike inflammation, fever is a(n). immune response. A. cellular B. localized C. adaptive D.…

A: Immune system contains a group of antibodies, phagocytes and other barriers which protect the body…

Q: Viral antigens appear on the surface of the infected cell in association with which of the following…

A: Answer is d.)MHC-II complex.

Q: Which of the following proteins is NOT commonly bound with drug in the bloodstream? A. Albumins B.…

A: Drug bind to plasma proteins according to their charge i.e acidic drugs bound to albumin and basic…

Q: In certain bacterial illnesses, particularly lung infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a…

A: Introduction :- Pseudomonas is a type of bacteria that is found commonly in the environment, like in…

Q: A patient comes into the hospital complaining of having symptoms that looks like to be a…

A: In the question it is given that the person is having streptococcal infection and the symptoms…

Q: Put the following stages of inflammation in order from the first responses to the last: 1. tissue…

A: Inflammation is an immune response which protect the body from invaders. It is an example of second…

Q: You are assessing a patient complaining of abdominal pain, musculoskeletal pain, and priapism. The…

A: Nursing assessment is the very first step in the assessment of a patient. It involves gathering…

Q: What is an allergy?

A: Allergy can be medical condition in which immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance…

Q: Which of the following mechanisms can promote tolerance? I. Induction of anergy II. Induction of…

A: Introduction  Tolerance: refers to susceptibility to certain pathogen as well as our own cells,…

Q: Prions are infectious proteins: Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

A: Infection is a condition in which the body is affected by an external agent like bacteria, viruses…

Q: The body's B-cells produce immune response. which react to on the surface of cells to begin the…

A: Immune response is of two types: non-specific or specific. The specific immune response also known…

Q: Which of these pairs are mismatched? a. cytosol: intracellular pathogen b. surface of…

A: Pathogens are organisms that cause disease in their specific host. The severity of the disease…

Q: Before you can start your clinical rotation, you are required to get a tuberculosis (TB) test. The…

A: This is an example of a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction.Here's a breakdown of…

Q: What type of tolerance is associated with changes to how drugs interact with our nervous system?…

A: Drug tolerance is basically a pharmacological concept.It is describing the reduced action of drugs…

Q: Toll-like receptors (TLRS) act to A. cause phagocytic chemotaxis. B. induce phagocytosis. C. bind…

A: The immune system of any living being is important for its living or survival. When the immune…

Q: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is characterized by which of the following? a. Caused by a…

A: Reproduction is defined as the process of an organism by which it produces a offspring that re…