You drop a 2.00 kg book to a friend who stands on the ground at distance D 10.0 m below. If your friend’s outstretched hands are at distance d=1.50m above the ground (a) how much work Wg does the gravitational force do on the book as it drops to her hands? (b) What is the change =U in the gravitational potential energy of the book–Earth system during the drop? If the gravitational potential energy U of that system is taken to be zero at ground level, what is U (c) when the book is released and (d) when it reaches her hands? Now take U to be 100 J at ground level and again find (e) Wg, (f ) U, (g) U at the release point, and (h) U at her hands.
Kinematics
A machine is a device that accepts energy in some available form and utilizes it to do a type of work. Energy, work, or power has to be transferred from one mechanical part to another to run a machine. While the transfer of energy between two machine parts, those two parts experience a relative motion with each other. Studying such relative motions is termed kinematics.
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
In physics, work is the product of the net force in direction of the displacement and the magnitude of this displacement or it can also be defined as the energy transfer of an object when it is moved for a distance due to the forces acting on it in the direction of displacement and perpendicular to the displacement which is called the normal force. Energy is the capacity of any object doing work. The SI unit of work is joule and energy is Joule. This principle follows the second law of Newton's law of motion where the net force causes the acceleration of an object. The force of gravity which is downward force and the normal force acting on an object which is perpendicular to the object are equal in magnitude but opposite to the direction, so while determining the net force, these two components cancel out. The net force is the horizontal component of the force and in our explanation, we consider everything as frictionless surface since friction should also be calculated while called the work-energy component of the object. The two most basics of energy classification are potential energy and kinetic energy. There are various kinds of kinetic energy like chemical, mechanical, thermal, nuclear, electrical, radiant energy, and so on. The work is done when there is a change in energy and it mainly depends on the application of force and movement of the object. Let us say how much work is needed to lift a 5kg ball 5m high. Work is mathematically represented as Force ×Displacement. So it will be 5kg times the gravitational constant on earth and the distance moved by the object. Wnet=Fnet times Displacement.
You drop a 2.00 kg book to a friend
who stands on the ground at distance
D 10.0 m below. If your friend’s outstretched
hands are at distance d=1.50m
above the ground (a) how
much work Wg does the gravitational
force do on the book as it drops to her
hands? (b) What is the change =U in the
gravitational potential energy of the
book–Earth system during the drop? If
the gravitational potential energy U of
that system is taken to be zero at ground
level, what is U (c) when the book is released
and (d) when it reaches her
hands? Now take U to be 100 J at
ground level and again find (e) Wg,
(f ) U, (g) U at the release point, and
(h) U at her hands.
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