You are to create an automatic light switching system. The system controls two lights in the room: a while LED (L) and an Ambient light (A). Assume that there are four variables: Input (4 variables) B = 1 indicates you are relaxing in your bed, 0 if not C = 1 indicates that you are sitting on your desktop computer, 0 if not E = 1 indicates that there is electricity, 0 if not D = 1 indicates that it is day, 0 if night [Note: You need to maintain the input order as BCED with B as the MSB and D as the LSB] Output (2 variables) L = 1 indicates that the LED is ON A = 1 indicates that the Ambient Light is ON. You have to consider the following conditions: ■ The operation of the Ambient light requires electricity but the LED light works both in the presence and absence of electricity. ■ The Ambient light will ONLY work at night and the LED light will work during both day and night. ■ Both the lights cannot be ON at the same time. A always takes priority over L. ■ L is turned ON when you are using your computer. ■ A is turned ON when you are relaxing on your bed. ■ It’s not possible to sit on your desktop computer and relax on your bed at the same time since they are located on opposite sides of your room. ■ When you are neither on your bed nor computer, in this case a light will be ON only when it is night. Hint: You need to consider the previous conditions to determine which light will be ON. Draw the truth table for the scenario above. Using the Karnaugh-Map Method, find the required simplified SOP expression for the given outputs.
Instructions and Operation
Nowadays, electrical engineers are required to evolve their practices by incorporating embedded processes, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, and so on. These processors are beneficial in many ways and have changed the perspective of electronic design.
Subroutine Instruction
Subroutine instruction is defined as the instructions used in the programming language in a sequence form saved in memory. They are used to doing a specific task. Subroutine instruction is called a unit that instructs to perform some needed task. There are many programming languages in which subroutine instructions are used but have a different identity or name, such as method, function, subprogram, routine, etc. Subroutine or sub-program is designed or coded as they can be called multiple times while executing the program.
Classification of Buses
A bus inside a microprocessor is a collection of wirelines that contain related information. A group of wires required for communication among the microprocessor and peripherals is known as a system bus. A bus is an electrical or digital passage across which bits are transferred between a variety of computer elements. It mainly links all the internal parts to the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and main memory. The width or size of any bus is crucial since it affects the amount of data that is transferred at a certain time period. Buses always transmit data parallelly, in a 32-bit bus, the information is supplied over 32 wirelines simultaneously and each bus comprises a clock speed measurable in MHz. The various types of buses inside a microprocessor are address bus, data bus, and control bus.
Execution of Instruction
A sequence of instructions makes up a program stored in a computer's memory unit. The CPU executes these instructions by going through a cycle for each instruction. The instruction cycle in a simple computer includes the steps listed below:
You are to create an automatic light switching system. The system controls two lights in
the room: a while LED (L) and an Ambient light (A).
Assume that there are four variables:
Input (4 variables)
B = 1 indicates you are relaxing in your bed, 0 if not
C = 1 indicates that you are sitting on your desktop computer, 0 if not
E = 1 indicates that there is electricity, 0 if not
D = 1 indicates that it is day, 0 if night
[Note: You need to maintain the input order as BCED with B as the MSB and D as the
LSB]
Output (2 variables)
L = 1 indicates that the LED is ON
A = 1 indicates that the Ambient Light is ON.
You have to consider the following conditions:
■ The operation of the Ambient light requires electricity but the LED light works
both in the presence and absence of electricity.
■ The Ambient light will ONLY work at night and the LED light will work during both
day and night.
■ Both the lights cannot be ON at the same time. A always takes priority over L.
■ L is turned ON when you are using your computer.
■ A is turned ON when you are relaxing on your bed.
■ It’s not possible to sit on your desktop computer and relax on your bed at the
same time since they are located on opposite sides of your room.
■ When you are neither on your bed nor computer, in this case a light will be ON
only when it is night. Hint: You need to consider the previous conditions to
determine which light will be ON.
Draw the truth table for the scenario above. Using the Karnaugh-Map Method, find the required simplified SOP expression for the given outputs.
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