You are presented with a white solid and told that, because of careless labeling, it is not clear whether the substance is lead nitrate, calcium carbonate, or aluminum nitrate. When you transfer the solid to a beaker and add water, the solid dissolves to give a clear solution. Next, a Na2 SO4(aq) solution is added and a white precipitate forms.
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
What is the identity of the unknown white solid?
A: lead nitrate
B: calcium carbonate
C: aluminum nitrate
According to the solubility rules-
- All carbonates are insoluble.(Therefore compound can't be calcium carbonate, as the question says that clear solution is formed on addition of water)
- All sulphates are soluble except Ag(Silver), Mercury (Hg) and Lead(Pb). (Therefore, the compound can't be aluminium nitrate, because its sulphate is soluble and would not form ppt)
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