You are now an equity analyst. We now find that the actual valuation of Company X is 130. Your manager suggests basing the price on a discounted dividend model and a discounted free cash flow valuation method. However, these two methods may produce very different estimates when applied to actual data. The discounted dividend model works out to a price of 60, while the discounted free cash flow valuation method works out to a price of 10. Question: Explain to your management why the two valuation methodologies provide different estimations. Specifically, discuss the assumptions implicit in the two methodologies, as well as the assumptions you made when doing your analysis. Why do these projections differ from Company X's current stock price?
Cost of Capital
Shareholders and investors who invest into the capital of the firm desire to have a suitable return on their investment funding. The cost of capital reflects what shareholders expect. It is a discount rate for converting expected cash flow into present cash flow.
Capital Structure
Capital structure is the combination of debt and equity employed by an organization in order to take care of its operations. It is an important concept in corporate finance and is expressed in the form of a debt-equity ratio.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital is a tool used for calculating the cost of capital for a firm wherein proportional weightage is assigned to each category of capital. It can also be defined as the average amount that a firm needs to pay its stakeholders and for its security to finance the assets. The most commonly used sources of capital include common stocks, bonds, long-term debts, etc. The increase in weighted average cost of capital is an indicator of a decrease in the valuation of a firm and an increase in its risk.
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