You are considering a new product launch. The project will cost $1,675,000, have a four- year life, and have no salvage value; depreciation is straight-line to zero. Sales are projected at 195 units per year; price per unit will be $16,300, variable cost per unit will be $9,400, and fixed costs will be $550,000 per year. The required return on the project is 12 percent, and the relevant tax rate is 21 percent. a. Based on your experience, you think the unit sales, variable cost, and fixed cost projections given here are probably accurate to within ±10 percent. What are the upper and lower bounds for these projections? What is the base-case NPV? What is the NPV for the best-case and worst-case scenarios? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your NPV answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. Round your other answers to the nearest whole number, e.g. 32.) Scenario Unit Sales Base Best Worst Variable Cost Fixed Costs 195 $ 9,400 $ 550,000 NPV b. Evaluate the sensitivity of your base-case NPV to changes in fixed costs. (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) C. What is the cash break-even level of output for this project (ignoring taxes)? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) d-1. What is the accounting break-even level of output for this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) d-2. What is the degree of operating leverage at the accounting break-even point? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. ANPV/AFC c. Cash break-even quantity d-1. Accounting break-even quantity d-2. Degree of operating leverage
Net Present Value
Net present value is the most important concept of finance. It is used to evaluate the investment and financing decisions that involve cash flows occurring over multiple periods. The difference between the present value of cash inflow and cash outflow is termed as net present value (NPV). It is used for capital budgeting and investment planning. It is also used to compare similar investment alternatives.
Investment Decision
The term investment refers to allocating money with the intention of getting positive returns in the future period. For example, an asset would be acquired with the motive of generating income by selling the asset when there is a price increase.
Factors That Complicate Capital Investment Analysis
Capital investment analysis is a way of the budgeting process that companies and the government use to evaluate the profitability of the investment that has been done for the long term. This can include the evaluation of fixed assets such as machinery, equipment, etc.
Capital Budgeting
Capital budgeting is a decision-making process whereby long-term investments is evaluated and selected based on whether such investment is worth pursuing in future or not. It plays an important role in financial decision-making as it impacts the profitability of the business in the long term. The benefits of capital budgeting may be in the form of increased revenue or reduction in cost. The capital budgeting decisions include replacing or rebuilding of the fixed assets, addition of an asset. These long-term investment decisions involve a large number of funds and are irreversible because the market for the second-hand asset may be difficult to find and will have an effect over long-time spam. A right decision can yield favorable returns on the other hand a wrong decision may have an effect on the sustainability of the firm. Capital budgeting helps businesses to understand risks that are involved in undertaking capital investment. It also enables them to choose the option which generates the best return by applying the various capital budgeting techniques.
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