You are asked to determine the alkali present and the percentage of each in a component of a sample material containing components of NaOH, Na,CO, and NaHCO, or mixtures of this together with inert material. Each sample being tested weighs 2g and uses 0.25N hydrochloric acid for neutralization. Sample 1: Using phenolphthalein Indicator, 48.64ml acid was used. A duplicate sample needed 97.28ml of acid was used with methyl orange indicator. Sample 2: No color change using phenolphthalein as an indicator but with methyl orange 76.94ml acid is required. Sample 3. To cause a color change, the sample was titrated cold with phenolphthalein, 30.58ml of acid is necessary, and an additional 33.19ml was required for complete neutralization Sample 4: The process required 79.92ml of acid until the pink of phenolphthalein disappeared. On adding the excess of the acid, boiling and titrating back with alkali, it was found that the alkali was exactly equivalent to the excess acid added.
Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
answer sample 4 only in 4 decimal places
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