Xespresso is launching a new type of espresso coffee machine. Production requires an initial investment of £85m in year zero. The project is expected to last 5 years, after which the new machine is expected to become obsolete and production will be discontinued. £10m are expected to be recovered in year 5 by selling production facilities. Sales of the new machine are expected to be worth £30m in each of years 1-5. Operating costs will be £10m per year in each of years 1-5. The company is expecting to accumulate an inventory equal to 10% of sales in year 1, which will be maintained throughout years 1-4 and then sold in year 5. Assume for simplicity that there are no taxes and all cash flows (including working capital investments) occur at the end of the year. a. Determine the project’s NPV using a 10% discount factor. Should the company undertake this project? b. Assume that the company has a beta equal to 2 and a debt to equity ratio equal to one. The risk free rate is 4% and the market risk premium is 6%. Determine the NPV of the project when the company’s debt is risk free. Should the company undertake the project given the new data?
Net Present Value
Net present value is the most important concept of finance. It is used to evaluate the investment and financing decisions that involve cash flows occurring over multiple periods. The difference between the present value of cash inflow and cash outflow is termed as net present value (NPV). It is used for capital budgeting and investment planning. It is also used to compare similar investment alternatives.
Investment Decision
The term investment refers to allocating money with the intention of getting positive returns in the future period. For example, an asset would be acquired with the motive of generating income by selling the asset when there is a price increase.
Factors That Complicate Capital Investment Analysis
Capital investment analysis is a way of the budgeting process that companies and the government use to evaluate the profitability of the investment that has been done for the long term. This can include the evaluation of fixed assets such as machinery, equipment, etc.
Capital Budgeting
Capital budgeting is a decision-making process whereby long-term investments is evaluated and selected based on whether such investment is worth pursuing in future or not. It plays an important role in financial decision-making as it impacts the profitability of the business in the long term. The benefits of capital budgeting may be in the form of increased revenue or reduction in cost. The capital budgeting decisions include replacing or rebuilding of the fixed assets, addition of an asset. These long-term investment decisions involve a large number of funds and are irreversible because the market for the second-hand asset may be difficult to find and will have an effect over long-time spam. A right decision can yield favorable returns on the other hand a wrong decision may have an effect on the sustainability of the firm. Capital budgeting helps businesses to understand risks that are involved in undertaking capital investment. It also enables them to choose the option which generates the best return by applying the various capital budgeting techniques.
Xespresso is launching a new type of espresso coffee machine. Production requires an initial investment of £85m in year zero. The project is expected to last 5 years, after which the new machine is expected to become obsolete and production will be discontinued. £10m are expected to be recovered in year 5 by selling production facilities. Sales of the new machine are expected to be worth £30m in each of years 1-5. Operating costs will be £10m per year in each of years 1-5. The company is expecting to accumulate an inventory equal to 10% of sales in year 1, which will be maintained throughout years 1-4 and then sold in year 5. Assume for simplicity that there are no taxes and all cash flows (including working capital investments) occur at the end of the year.
a. Determine the project’s NPV using a 10% discount factor. Should the company undertake this project?
b. Assume that the company has a beta equal to 2 and a debt to equity ratio equal to one. The risk free rate is 4% and the market risk premium is 6%. Determine the NPV of the project when the company’s debt is risk free. Should the company undertake the project given the new data?
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