x + 2y + z = 2 .000S -y + 3z = 8 orl brito viauosil 2z = 10 %3D %3D

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
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For numbers 27, 29, and 31, how am I supposed to do these? It must be with the left-to-right elimination method, which is shown on the 2nd picture. Please include step by step instructions and solutions
different planes may intersect in a single point (as when two walls meet the ceiling), may inter-
sect in a line (as in a paddle wheel), or may not have a common intersection. (See Figures 1.28,
1.29, and 1.30.) Thus three linear equations in three variables may have a unique solution,
infinitely many solutions, or no solution. For example, the solution of the system
3x + 2y + z = 6
x - y - z = 0
x + y - z = 4
is x = 1, y = 2, z = -1 because these three values satisfy all three equations and these
are the only values that satisfy them. In this section, we will discuss only systems of three
linear equations in three variables that have unique solutions. Additional systems will be
discussed in Section 3.3, "Gauss-Jordan Elimination: Solving Systems of Equations."
We can solve three equations in three variables using a systematic procedure called the
left-to-right elimination method.
Ceiling
Wall
Wall
Loile
Infinitely many
solutions
Unique solution
No solution
Figure 1.28
Figure 1.29
Figure 1.30
LEFT-TO-RIGHT ELIMINATION METHOD
ted d
Procedure
Example
To solve a system of three equations in three variables by
the left-to-right elimination method:
2x + 4y + 5z = 4
Solve:
x - 2y - 3z = 5
x + 3y + 4z = 1
1. If necessary, interchange two equations or use multi-
plication to make the coefficient of the first variable
in equation (1) a factor of the other first variable
coefficients.
1. Interchange the first two equations.
x - 2y - 3z = 5
2x + 4y + 5z = 4
x + 3y + 4z = 1
2. Add (-2) × equation (1) to equation (2) and add
(-1) X equation (1) to equation (3).
x - 2y - 3z =
Ox + 8y + 11z = -6
Ox + 5y + 7z = -4
(1)
(2)
(3)
2. Add multiples of the first equation to each of the
following equations so that the coefficients of the
first variable in the second and third equations
become zero.
(1)
(2)
(3)
3. Add a multiple of the second equation to the third
equation so that the coefficient of the second variable
in the third equation becomes zero.
3. Add (-) × equation (2) to equation (3).
x - 2y - 3z =
8y + 11z = -6
(1)
(2)
Oy + -z =
8
(3)
4. Solve the third equation and back substitute from the
bottom to find the remaining variables.
4. z = -2
from equation (3)
y = -(-6 - 11z) = 2
from equation (2)
x = 5 + 2y + 3z = 3
so x = 3, y = 2, z = -2
from equation (1)
Transcribed Image Text:different planes may intersect in a single point (as when two walls meet the ceiling), may inter- sect in a line (as in a paddle wheel), or may not have a common intersection. (See Figures 1.28, 1.29, and 1.30.) Thus three linear equations in three variables may have a unique solution, infinitely many solutions, or no solution. For example, the solution of the system 3x + 2y + z = 6 x - y - z = 0 x + y - z = 4 is x = 1, y = 2, z = -1 because these three values satisfy all three equations and these are the only values that satisfy them. In this section, we will discuss only systems of three linear equations in three variables that have unique solutions. Additional systems will be discussed in Section 3.3, "Gauss-Jordan Elimination: Solving Systems of Equations." We can solve three equations in three variables using a systematic procedure called the left-to-right elimination method. Ceiling Wall Wall Loile Infinitely many solutions Unique solution No solution Figure 1.28 Figure 1.29 Figure 1.30 LEFT-TO-RIGHT ELIMINATION METHOD ted d Procedure Example To solve a system of three equations in three variables by the left-to-right elimination method: 2x + 4y + 5z = 4 Solve: x - 2y - 3z = 5 x + 3y + 4z = 1 1. If necessary, interchange two equations or use multi- plication to make the coefficient of the first variable in equation (1) a factor of the other first variable coefficients. 1. Interchange the first two equations. x - 2y - 3z = 5 2x + 4y + 5z = 4 x + 3y + 4z = 1 2. Add (-2) × equation (1) to equation (2) and add (-1) X equation (1) to equation (3). x - 2y - 3z = Ox + 8y + 11z = -6 Ox + 5y + 7z = -4 (1) (2) (3) 2. Add multiples of the first equation to each of the following equations so that the coefficients of the first variable in the second and third equations become zero. (1) (2) (3) 3. Add a multiple of the second equation to the third equation so that the coefficient of the second variable in the third equation becomes zero. 3. Add (-) × equation (2) to equation (3). x - 2y - 3z = 8y + 11z = -6 (1) (2) Oy + -z = 8 (3) 4. Solve the third equation and back substitute from the bottom to find the remaining variables. 4. z = -2 from equation (3) y = -(-6 - 11z) = 2 from equation (2) x = 5 + 2y + 3z = 3 so x = 3, y = 2, z = -2 from equation (1)
3x
052y = 8 –
y = 9-
23.
24.
3x
2x
y = 5 +
3
v =
- 1
4
5x + 3y = -2
25.
S4x – 5y = -3
|2x - 7y = -6
26.
(3x + 7y 4
Use the left-to-right elimination method to solve the sys-
tems in Problems 27-32.
x + 2y + z =
- 2y + 2z = -10
mon
y + 4z = – 10
27.
28.
ord bo + 3z = 8
adi aiy o blo 2z = 10
-3z =
6.
s of
x-yー 8z=
0.
x + 3y - 8z = 20
29.
y + 4z =
8.
30.
y - 3z = 11
3y + 14z = 22
2y + 7z = -4
x + 4y – 2z =
x – 3y – z = 0
x – 2y + z = 8
2x- 6y + z = 6
31.
x + 5y + 2z = -2 32.
x + 4y - 28z = 22
APPLICATIONS
33. Temperatures and traveling When U.S. citizens travel
abroad, they need some understanding of Celsius
temperature readings-does one need mittens if the
temperature will be 20°C? A quick conversion formula
often used by tour guides to give a rough Fahrenheit
equivalent for a Celsius reading is
Transcribed Image Text:3x 052y = 8 – y = 9- 23. 24. 3x 2x y = 5 + 3 v = - 1 4 5x + 3y = -2 25. S4x – 5y = -3 |2x - 7y = -6 26. (3x + 7y 4 Use the left-to-right elimination method to solve the sys- tems in Problems 27-32. x + 2y + z = - 2y + 2z = -10 mon y + 4z = – 10 27. 28. ord bo + 3z = 8 adi aiy o blo 2z = 10 -3z = 6. s of x-yー 8z= 0. x + 3y - 8z = 20 29. y + 4z = 8. 30. y - 3z = 11 3y + 14z = 22 2y + 7z = -4 x + 4y – 2z = x – 3y – z = 0 x – 2y + z = 8 2x- 6y + z = 6 31. x + 5y + 2z = -2 32. x + 4y - 28z = 22 APPLICATIONS 33. Temperatures and traveling When U.S. citizens travel abroad, they need some understanding of Celsius temperature readings-does one need mittens if the temperature will be 20°C? A quick conversion formula often used by tour guides to give a rough Fahrenheit equivalent for a Celsius reading is
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