Consider the following equilibrium for which H = -209.7: 2 C2H6(g) + O2(g)  2 C2H4(g) + 2 H2O(g) How will each of the following changes affect an equilibrium mixture of the 4 gases in this reaction?

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Consider the following equilibrium for which H = -209.7:

2 C2H6(g) + O2(g)  2 C2H4(g) + 2 H2O(g)

How will each of the following changes affect an equilibrium mixture of the 4 gases in this reaction?

(a) C2H4(g) is added to the system.
-the equilibrium will not shift

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will increase

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will decrease        


(b) The reaction mixture is heated.

-the equilibrium will not shift

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will increase

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will decrease

     
(c) The volume of the reaction vessel is reduced by 50%.

-the equilibrium will not shift

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will increase

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will decrease

        
(d) A catalyst is added to the reaction mixture.

-the equilibrium will not shift

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will increase

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will decrease

       
(e) The total pressure of the system is increased by adding a noble gas.

-the equilibrium will not shift

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will not change

-the equlibrium will shift toward product but Keq will increase

-the equlibrium will shift toward reactant but Keq will decrease

        
(f) H2O(g) is removed from the system.

        


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### Understanding Chemical Equilibrium Changes

**Equilibrium Reaction and Enthalpy:**

Consider the following equilibrium for which ΔH = -209.7 kJ:

\[ 2 \, \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 (\text{g}) + \text{O}_2 (\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \, \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{(g)} + 2 \, \text{H}_2\text{O(g)} \]

**How different changes affect an equilibrium mixture of the four gases in this reaction:**

**(a) Adding C\(_2\)H\(_4\)(g) to the system.**  
- Incorrect Initial Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactant and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease.
- Correct Response: The correct answer should consider Le Chatelier's principle, where adding a product shifts the equilibrium towards the reactants, but \(K_{eq}\) remains unchanged.

**(b) Heating the reaction mixture.**  
- Correct Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactants and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease.
- Explanation: Because the reaction is exothermic (\(\Delta H\) is negative), adding heat shifts the equilibrium to the left.

**(c) Reducing the volume of the reaction vessel by 50%.**  
- Incorrect Initial Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactants and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease.
- Correct Response: The reaction's response depends on the moles of gas. If pressure increases more on one side due to volume reduction, equilibrium shifts to the side with fewer gas moles.

**(d) Adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture.**  
- Correct Response: The equilibrium will not shift.
- Explanation: A catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reactions equally, without affecting the position of equilibrium.

**(e) Increasing the total pressure of the system by adding a noble gas.**
- Correct Response: The equilibrium will not shift.
- Explanation: Adding inert gas increases overall pressure but does not affect partial pressures of reactants/products, so equilibrium remains unchanged.

### Summary

This exercise demonstrates Le Chatelier’s principle and how different factors affect chemical equilibrium, particularly the position of equilibrium and equilibrium constant \(K_{eq}\).
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Chemical Equilibrium Changes **Equilibrium Reaction and Enthalpy:** Consider the following equilibrium for which ΔH = -209.7 kJ: \[ 2 \, \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 (\text{g}) + \text{O}_2 (\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \, \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{(g)} + 2 \, \text{H}_2\text{O(g)} \] **How different changes affect an equilibrium mixture of the four gases in this reaction:** **(a) Adding C\(_2\)H\(_4\)(g) to the system.** - Incorrect Initial Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactant and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease. - Correct Response: The correct answer should consider Le Chatelier's principle, where adding a product shifts the equilibrium towards the reactants, but \(K_{eq}\) remains unchanged. **(b) Heating the reaction mixture.** - Correct Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactants and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease. - Explanation: Because the reaction is exothermic (\(\Delta H\) is negative), adding heat shifts the equilibrium to the left. **(c) Reducing the volume of the reaction vessel by 50%.** - Incorrect Initial Response: The equilibrium will shift toward reactants and \(K_{eq}\) will decrease. - Correct Response: The reaction's response depends on the moles of gas. If pressure increases more on one side due to volume reduction, equilibrium shifts to the side with fewer gas moles. **(d) Adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture.** - Correct Response: The equilibrium will not shift. - Explanation: A catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reactions equally, without affecting the position of equilibrium. **(e) Increasing the total pressure of the system by adding a noble gas.** - Correct Response: The equilibrium will not shift. - Explanation: Adding inert gas increases overall pressure but does not affect partial pressures of reactants/products, so equilibrium remains unchanged. ### Summary This exercise demonstrates Le Chatelier’s principle and how different factors affect chemical equilibrium, particularly the position of equilibrium and equilibrium constant \(K_{eq}\).
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