Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
write the name of each molecule
- Description: This molecule contains a three-membered epoxide ring fused to a cyclopentane ring.
- Task: Assign the correct E/Z or R/S configuration where applicable.
### Molecule B
- Description: This molecule is a linear chain featuring multiple double bonds, a chlorine substituent, and a hydroxyl group (OH). The chlorine at the second carbon is shown with a wedge indicating a stereocenter, and the chlorine at the fifth carbon has a dashed bond.
- Task: Assign the correct E/Z or R/S configurations to the stereocenters.
### Molecule C
- Description: This is a bridged bicyclic molecule with multiple hydrogen atoms and one chlorine (Cl) substituent.
- Task: Assign the correct E/Z or R/S stereochemical descriptors to the chlorine and other relevant groups.
### Molecule D
- Description: This molecule contains a cyclopentane ring attached to a longer carbon chain with various levels of branching.
- Task: Identify if there are any stereocenters or geometric isomerism that requires E/Z or R/S nomenclature.
Please analyze each molecule carefully and use the provided space to write down the proper IUPAC name, ensuring all stereochemical details are correctly assigned. Understanding these configurations is crucial for accurately describing molecular structure and properties in organic chemistry.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F493c2deb-4767-4235-8a4f-4c48afc3dcda%2F1183b85d-d82a-4908-927e-36e08131a6ef%2Fzgw6y2_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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