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write the following for loop as a while loop

write the following for loop as a while loop

Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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write the following for loop as a while loop 

The following is a transcription of a C++ function, which simulates part of a shooting mechanism within a game. The function is defined for a Player class. The primary purpose of this function is to determine if a shot successfully hits a target, specifically targeting robots in an arena. ```cpp bool Player::shoot(int dir) { m_age++; if (rand() % 3 == 0) // miss with 1/3 probability { return false; } else if (dir == UP) { for (int i = 0; i < MAXSHOTLEN + 1; i++) { if (m_arena->nRobotsAt(m_row - i, m_col) > 0 && m_row - i > 0) { m_arena->damageRobotAt(m_row - i, m_col); return true; } } } } ``` ### Explanation: 1. **Function Signature**: - `bool Player::shoot(int dir)` - This defines a member function `shoot` of the `Player` class, which takes an integer `dir` representing the direction of the shot and returns a boolean value indicating success or failure. 2. **Age Increment**: - `m_age++`: Increases the age of the player with every shot attempt. 3. **Probability of Missing**: - `if (rand() % 3 == 0)`: Simulates a 1/3 probability of the shot missing, as `rand() % 3` will equal zero approximately one-third of the time. - If the shot is a miss, the function returns `false`. 4. **Directional Shooting**: - `else if (dir == UP)`: Handles the case when the shot direction is upwards. - A `for` loop iterates up to `MAXSHOTLEN + 1`, representing the maximum shot length. 5. **Checking for Robots**: - Inside the loop, `if (m_arena->nRobotsAt(m_row - i, m_col) > 0 && m_row - i > 0)`: Checks if any robots are at the position `m_row - i, m_col` and ensures the row index remains valid. - If a robot is present, `m_arena->damageRobotAt(m_row - i, m_col);` damages
Transcribed Image Text:The following is a transcription of a C++ function, which simulates part of a shooting mechanism within a game. The function is defined for a Player class. The primary purpose of this function is to determine if a shot successfully hits a target, specifically targeting robots in an arena. ```cpp bool Player::shoot(int dir) { m_age++; if (rand() % 3 == 0) // miss with 1/3 probability { return false; } else if (dir == UP) { for (int i = 0; i < MAXSHOTLEN + 1; i++) { if (m_arena->nRobotsAt(m_row - i, m_col) > 0 && m_row - i > 0) { m_arena->damageRobotAt(m_row - i, m_col); return true; } } } } ``` ### Explanation: 1. **Function Signature**: - `bool Player::shoot(int dir)` - This defines a member function `shoot` of the `Player` class, which takes an integer `dir` representing the direction of the shot and returns a boolean value indicating success or failure. 2. **Age Increment**: - `m_age++`: Increases the age of the player with every shot attempt. 3. **Probability of Missing**: - `if (rand() % 3 == 0)`: Simulates a 1/3 probability of the shot missing, as `rand() % 3` will equal zero approximately one-third of the time. - If the shot is a miss, the function returns `false`. 4. **Directional Shooting**: - `else if (dir == UP)`: Handles the case when the shot direction is upwards. - A `for` loop iterates up to `MAXSHOTLEN + 1`, representing the maximum shot length. 5. **Checking for Robots**: - Inside the loop, `if (m_arena->nRobotsAt(m_row - i, m_col) > 0 && m_row - i > 0)`: Checks if any robots are at the position `m_row - i, m_col` and ensures the row index remains valid. - If a robot is present, `m_arena->damageRobotAt(m_row - i, m_col);` damages
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