Write the chemical equation for the termination step for radical polymerization of polyvinyl acetate by chain transfer

Q1: Write down the reaction schem. for the polymerization of vin y L chloride (CH3 CHCL) using Ben zoyl Peroxide as an intiators. Assume that termination takes Place by combination?

• What do you mean by auto-acceleration? • List down the factors that affect the cationic polymerization. Fill in: Unlike free radical polymerization, the termination in cationic polymerization occurs by -----. • In cationic polymerization, Dp increases with ---- in polarity, ---- in T and ---- in acidity.

Radical polymerization of styrene gives a linear polymer. Radical polymerization of a mixture of styrene and 1,4-divinylbenzene gives a cross-linked network polymer of the type shown in Figure 29.1. Show by drawing structural formulas how incorporation of a few percent of 1,4-divinylbenzene in the polymerization mixture gives a cross-linked polymer.

Molecular weight of a condensation polymer hardly increases if the reaction is stopped either at 45% conversion or at 80% conversion, respectively. - Explain

Describe an effective single-step ring-opening polymerization route for the synthesis of each of the polymers listed below. Draw structures of the monomers that may be used, suggest viable catalyst/initiators for the polymerization and outline the polymerization mechanisms for the chosen catalyst/initiators. to Ph

Commercial polyisobutylene (PIB or butyl rubber) is synthesized via cationic polymerization. Explain why it cannot be made through free radical or anionic polymerization

The mechanism given for cationic polymerization of isobutylene  shows that all the monomer molecules add with the same orientation, giving a polymerwith methyl groups on alternate carbon atoms of the chain. Explain why no isobutylene molecules add with the opposite orientation.

Question 5 (this is one question I really need help with)Methyl methacrylate is polymerized by free radical polymerization at 70 oC to form long polymer chains.(a) If benzoyl peroxide is used as the initiator for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate please write the chemical structures of the compounds formed during the initiation step of the polymerization. What would happen if the reaction is not heated at 70 oC?(b) Write the chemical structures of the polymers formed during the propagation and termination steps of the polymerization.(c) Write the trade name of the polymer formed by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate and two of its common applications.(d) If a polymer with degree of polymerization 100 is synthesized during the reaction, determine its molecular weight (in g/mol). (e) If from the polymerization of methyl methacrylate a polymer of 20 mg is produced, calculate the moles of the monomer units in the sample. Also, given that methyl methacrylate is a liquid,…

Plywood and particle board are often glued with cheap, waterproof urea-formaldehyde resins. Two to three moles of formaldehyde are mixed with one mole of urea and a little ammonia as a basic catalyst. The reaction is allowed to proceed until the mixture becomes syrupy, and then it is applied to the wood surface. The wood surfaces are held together under heat and pressure, while polymerization continues and cross-linking takes place. Propose a mechanism for the base-catalyzed condensation of urea with formaldehyde to give a linear polymer, and then show how further condensation leads to cross-linking.