Write out the form of the partial fraction decomposition of the function (as in this example). Do not determine the numerical values of the coefficients.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
Question

Write out the form of the partial fraction decomposition of the function (as in this example). Do not determine the numerical values of the coefficients.

### Transcription of Mathematical Expression

1. The first mathematical expression is:

   \[
   \frac{x^6}{x^2 - 4}
   \]

   This represents a rational function where the numerator is \(x^6\) and the denominator is the difference of squares, specifically, \((x^2 - 4)\).

2. The second part shows a partial fraction decomposition format:

   \[
   \frac{A}{x-2} + \frac{B}{x+2}
   \]

   This is used to express the original rational function as a sum of simpler fractions, where \(A\) and \(B\) are constants to be determined.

3. The third expression is:

   \[
   \frac{x^4}{(x^2 - x + 1)(x^2 + 4)^2}
   \]

   Here, the numerator is \(x^4\), and the denominator is the product of two factors: a quadratic polynomial \((x^2 - x + 1)\) and the square of another quadratic polynomial \((x^2 + 4)^2\).

### Explanation

- **Expression 1**: The fraction \(\frac{x^6}{x^2 - 4}\) may require simplification using partial fraction decomposition, as indicated by the second format given in Expression 2.
  
- **Expression 2 (Partial Fractions)**: This form suggests how the original complex fraction might be broken down into simpler components for easier integration or manipulation.

- **Expression 3**: This represents another rational function, involving more complex factors in the denominator, which may also require simplification or decomposition for study in courses related to calculus or algebra.

These expressions are common in advanced algebra, calculus, and mathematical analysis. They help in breaking down complex rational expressions into simpler components for further examination or integration.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription of Mathematical Expression 1. The first mathematical expression is: \[ \frac{x^6}{x^2 - 4} \] This represents a rational function where the numerator is \(x^6\) and the denominator is the difference of squares, specifically, \((x^2 - 4)\). 2. The second part shows a partial fraction decomposition format: \[ \frac{A}{x-2} + \frac{B}{x+2} \] This is used to express the original rational function as a sum of simpler fractions, where \(A\) and \(B\) are constants to be determined. 3. The third expression is: \[ \frac{x^4}{(x^2 - x + 1)(x^2 + 4)^2} \] Here, the numerator is \(x^4\), and the denominator is the product of two factors: a quadratic polynomial \((x^2 - x + 1)\) and the square of another quadratic polynomial \((x^2 + 4)^2\). ### Explanation - **Expression 1**: The fraction \(\frac{x^6}{x^2 - 4}\) may require simplification using partial fraction decomposition, as indicated by the second format given in Expression 2. - **Expression 2 (Partial Fractions)**: This form suggests how the original complex fraction might be broken down into simpler components for easier integration or manipulation. - **Expression 3**: This represents another rational function, involving more complex factors in the denominator, which may also require simplification or decomposition for study in courses related to calculus or algebra. These expressions are common in advanced algebra, calculus, and mathematical analysis. They help in breaking down complex rational expressions into simpler components for further examination or integration.
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