Write a version of bottom-up mergesort that takes advantage of order in the array by proceeding as follows each time it needs to find two arrays to merge: find a sorted subarray (by incrementing a pointer until finding an entry that is smaller than its predecessor in the array), then find the next, then merge them. Analyze the running time of this algorithm in terms of the array size and the number of maximal increasing sequences in the array

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Merge sort

Merge Sort recursively sorts a given collection of numbers or elements by using the divide and conquer strategy in less time. It is one of the most used algorithms, with the worst-case time complexity of O (n log n). It was invented by John Von Neumann. The algorithm continuously divides an array into sub-arrays until each sub-array consists of a single element. It then merges those sub-arrays to produce a sorted array.